8月(yue)上旬(xun)以來,4代稻(dao)(dao)(dao)飛(fei)(fei)虱在湖北省中(zhong)(zhong)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)上大暴(bao)發(fa),發(fa)生(sheng)面積(ji)達2000萬畝,其中(zhong)(zhong)江漢(han)平(ping)原最(zui)為嚴重(zhong),百蔸蟲量過萬頭的田塊達60%;稻(dao)(dao)(dao)縱卷(juan)葉(xie)螟在鄂東、江漢(han)平(ping)原嚴重(zhong)發(fa)生(sheng)。雖(sui)經緊急防控,稻(dao)(dao)(dao)飛(fei)(fei)虱田間殘蟲量仍然較(jiao)(jiao)高,根據(ju)系(xi)統監測(ce)點調查(cha)、各地情況(kuang)匯報,結合(he)湖北省當(dang)前水稻(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)育期(qi)和長(chang)勢(shi)、氣(qi)候(hou)條件綜合(he)分(fen)析,預(yu)計全省晚稻(dao)(dao)(dao)5代稻(dao)(dao)(dao)飛(fei)(fei)虱大發(fa)生(sheng),危(wei)害高峰在8月(yue)下旬(xun)至9月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun),此(ci)外,全國各稻(dao)(dao)(dao)區(qu)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)飛(fei)(fei)虱也(ye)發(fa)生(sheng)較(jiao)(jiao)重(zhong),如遇適宜氣(qi)候(hou)條件,回遷稻(dao)(dao)(dao)飛(fei)(fei)虱極(ji)有可(ke)能造成局(ju)部(bu)地區(qu)“落地成災”;晚稻(dao)(dao)(dao)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)縱卷(juan)葉(xie)螟中(zhong)(zhong)等偏重(zhong)發(fa)生(sheng),鄂東局(ju)部(bu)大發(fa)生(sheng),為害高峰期(qi)在8月(yue)底(di)至9月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)。
主要依據:
1、田間蟲量高。
稻(dao)(dao)飛(fei)虱:目(mu)前各(ge)地稻(dao)(dao)飛(fei)虱蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)大,蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)齡復雜,世代重疊(die)現(xian)象嚴重。據(ju)(ju)11個系統監測點燈(deng)下蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)調查(cha)(cha):8月(yue)18-25日,部分地區(qu)(qu)有(you)大量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)遷入,其(qi)中:孝(xiao)感8月(yue)23日47504頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),褐(he)飛(fei)虱占(zhan)(zhan)80%;武穴8月(yue)18日3304頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),褐(he)飛(fei)虱占(zhan)(zhan)61.4%;監利(li)8月(yue)25日155770頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),褐(he)飛(fei)虱占(zhan)(zhan)96.3%;夷陵區(qu)(qu)8月(yue)24日13817頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),褐(he)飛(fei)虱67.8%;枝江8月(yue)24日35592頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),褐(he)飛(fei)虱占(zhan)(zhan)90.1%。觀測區(qu)(qu)調查(cha)(cha)百蔸(dou)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang):503.3-4357頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)2221.9頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),其(qi)中長翅型(xing)(xing)成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)31-2717頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)694.8頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),短翅型(xing)(xing)成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)0-187頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)39.4頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。據(ju)(ju)各(ge)地8月(yue)25-27日蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)情匯(hui)報:咸安區(qu)(qu)遲(chi)熟(shu)中稻(dao)(dao)百蔸(dou)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)1210頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最(zui)(zui)高9800頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);赤壁(bi)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)稻(dao)(dao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)1880頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最(zui)(zui)高28800頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);黃(huang)石遲(chi)熟(shu)中稻(dao)(dao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)4025頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最(zui)(zui)高11000頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);武漢市遲(chi)熟(shu)中稻(dao)(dao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)800-5000頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最(zui)(zui)高50000頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);新洲區(qu)(qu)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)稻(dao)(dao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)285-1520頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)850頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);孝(xiao)南區(qu)(qu)遲(chi)熟(shu)中稻(dao)(dao)百蔸(dou)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)560—14500頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)5800頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),達標田(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)80%,晚(wan)(wan)(wan)稻(dao)(dao)百蔸(dou)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)0—4600頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)1450頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),達標田(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)30%;荊(jing)州市中稻(dao)(dao)全(quan)市百蔸(dou)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)2455頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最(zui)(zui)高46611頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),混(hun)栽區(qu)(qu)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)稻(dao)(dao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)5000頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最(zui)(zui)高12000頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),純晚(wan)(wan)(wan)稻(dao)(dao)區(qu)(qu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)700頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最(zui)(zui)高1200頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);仙桃市中稻(dao)(dao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)4250頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最(zui)(zui)高18000頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);天門市系統監測調查(cha)(cha):雙晚(wan)(wan)(wan)田(tian)百蔸(dou)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)60-450頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)200頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),其(qi)中短翅型(xing)(xing)成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)9頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),長翅成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)60頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);中稻(dao)(dao)田(tian)120-1000頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)510頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),其(qi)中長翅型(xing)(xing)成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)125頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。
稻縱卷葉螟:8月23日以來,各地(di)已見蟲苞。百蔸蟲量:大冶(ye)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)13頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)18頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);陽新平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)45頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)85頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);咸安平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)9.5頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)17.6頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);赤(chi)壁平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)41頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)150頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);通山平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)11頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)34頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);黃岡平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)26頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)51頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);江陵平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)4頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)15頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);荊(jing)州晚稻平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)30頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)50頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);百蔸蟲苞:江夏區平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)50個(ge),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)100個(ge);蔡甸區平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)12個(ge),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)35個(ge);孝昌縣平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)38個(ge),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)100個(ge);畝蛾(e)量荊(jing)門市平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)200頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)5000頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。
2、作(zuo)物長勢極其有利發生(sheng)。
目前,早中(zhong)熟(shu)中(zhong)稻(dao)大部(bu)分收割完畢,晚(wan)稻(dao)正處于孕穗(sui)末期,長勢良好(hao),極有利稻(dao)飛虱和稻(dao)縱卷葉螟集中(zhong)產卵(luan)、危害。
3、氣候有利遷入(ru)繁殖。
據氣象(xiang)部門預報,未(wei)來(lai)一周受副熱帶高壓(ya)影響,湖北(bei)省以(yi)晴熱天氣為主,大(da)部分地區(qu)最高溫(wen)度35-38℃,有利于稻飛虱、稻縱卷葉螟發生危害(hai)。
防治意見:
1、各地要加(jia)強蟲(chong)情(qing)監測(ce),稻飛虱百蔸蟲(chong)量(liang)1000頭、稻縱(zong)卷葉螟30個小苞立即施藥防治。
2、防治藥劑:防治稻飛虱可采用同一順、樂斯本、敵敵畏、葉蟬散、毒死蜱等速效農藥的其中一種與吡蟲啉、阿克泰、啶蟲脒、氯噻啉、撲虱靈、銳勁特等長效農藥的其中一種混用;防治稻縱卷葉螟每畝用5%銳勁特懸浮劑40-50毫升、48%樂斯本乳油50-60毫升或虎蛙100毫升對水50-60公斤噴霧,重發田塊,應間隔7-10天進行第2次防治。
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