今年(nian)小麥種植面(mian)積187.9萬(wan)畝(mu)，面(mian)積較去(qu)年(nian)增(zeng)加(jia)18萬(wan)畝(mu)左(zuo)右(you)，其(qi)中冬(dong)麥91.4萬(wan)畝(mu)，春(chun)(chun)麥96.5萬(wan)畝(mu)。引(yin)黃灌(guan)區春(chun)(chun)麥主栽品種為(wei)寧春(chun)(chun)4號(hao)、寧春(chun)(chun)50號(hao)，寧南山區冬(dong)麥主栽品種為(wei)蘭天8號(hao)、隴育4號(hao)、隴育5號(hao)。
一、當(dang)前小麥(mai)病蟲發生情況
由于去(qu)冬今春天氣偏(pian)暖，對小麥蟲(chong)(chong)害的(de)越冬十分有(you)利(li)，當(dang)前冬麥田(tian)已有(you)麥蚜、麥蜘蛛零(ling)星發(fa)生。小地老虎(hu)始見期(qi)接近(jin)歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)，但誘蛾(e)量較大，永寧縣(xian)性誘監(jian)測始見期(qi)3月(yue)25日，截(jie)止(zhi)4月(yue)11日3臺誘蛾(e)器共誘到成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)223頭，原州區(qu)3臺誘蛾(e)器共誘到成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)42頭，兩地去(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)同期(qi)均未誘到。吸漿蟲(chong)(chong)惠農區(qu)普查平均每樣方有(you)蟲(chong)(chong)0.8頭，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)低(di)1.87頭，比歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)低(di)3.52頭，最高(gao)樣方5頭，比去(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)低(di)4頭，比歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)低(di)25.5頭。
二、預報結果
預計(ji)(ji)(ji)2016年全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)總體中等(deng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)446萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)次左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)。其(qi)中小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)條(tiao)銹病(bing)：預計(ji)(ji)(ji)在陰濕(shi)(shi)、半(ban)陰濕(shi)(shi)山區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)中等(deng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、在涇源縣涇河源鎮、新民鄉等(deng)局(ju)地偏(pian)重發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，中部干旱帶及以北地區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)輕(qing)(qing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)50萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)。小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)白粉病(bing)：預計(ji)(ji)(ji)在山區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)偏(pian)輕(qing)(qing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，有灌(guan)溉條(tiao)件的中等(deng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，局(ju)地陰濕(shi)(shi)密度大的田塊偏(pian)重發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)100萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)。小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)：預計(ji)(ji)(ji)在山區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)偏(pian)輕(qing)(qing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，其(qi)他地區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)偏(pian)重發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)150萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)。粘蟲(chong)(chong)：預計(ji)(ji)(ji)偏(pian)輕(qing)(qing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)40萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)。小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)吸漿蟲(chong)(chong)：預計(ji)(ji)(ji)總體輕(qing)(qing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)6萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)。小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)紅蜘(zhi)蛛：預計(ji)(ji)(ji)在山區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)偏(pian)輕(qing)(qing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，其(qi)它地區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)不發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)30萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)。地下害蟲(chong)(chong)：預計(ji)(ji)(ji)中等(deng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，其(qi)中地老虎、金針蟲(chong)(chong)在灌(guan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)田偏(pian)重發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)70萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)。
三、監測、防治意見
氣象預報4月份全區降水偏多70%，5月份全區降水偏多20%，有利于小麥條銹病、白粉病的發生發展。5月氣溫偏高對麥蚜的繁殖較為有利。小地老虎成蟲量較歷年偏高。因此，全區各地要做好小麥病蟲的監測調查工作，對小麥條銹病要“帶藥偵查，發現一點，防治一片”，控制病源，同時要做好白粉病、麥蚜等的防治工作，要大力推廣小麥病蟲害“一噴三防”技術（防病、防蟲、防早衰）。小地老虎幼蟲發生危害盛期在5月中旬至6月中旬，防治應掌握在幼蟲三齡前。吸漿蟲在銀川以北局部地區仍應加強防治工作。
