一、8月上(shang)旬農作(zuo)物病蟲發(fa)生概況
目前，渝西(xi)地(di)區平壩低山(shan)(shan)水稻開始收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)，中(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)處(chu)于抽穗(sui)揚花期(qi)(qi)—灌漿結實期(qi)(qi)，長勢一般。玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)中(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)開始收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)。稻飛虱大田(tian)(tian)一般密(mi)度623頭(tou)/百叢(cong)(cong)，較(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)偏高(gao)，較(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)周下(xia)降27.9%。萬盛、江津、涪(fu)陵、綦江、云(yun)陽(yang)等地(di)重發(fa)田(tian)(tian)塊(kuai)百叢(cong)(cong)蟲量(liang)(liang)達5000—100000頭(tou)/百叢(cong)(cong)；稻縱卷葉螟(ming)(ming)(ming)平均(jun)(jun)畝(mu)幼(you)蟲量(liang)(liang)6874頭(tou)，較(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)高(gao)，較(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)周下(xia)降11.19%，萬盛、涪(fu)陵、開縣(xian)、云(yun)陽(yang)、彭水、潼(tong)南(nan)、銅(tong)梁(liang)等地(di)重發(fa)田(tian)(tian)塊(kuai)的(de)畝(mu)殘(can)存蟲量(liang)(liang)13400—100000頭(tou)；平均(jun)(jun)畝(mu)蛾量(liang)(liang)4005頭(tou)，南(nan)川最(zui)高(gao)畝(mu)蛾量(liang)(liang)53370頭(tou)；二化螟(ming)(ming)(ming)平均(jun)(jun)白穗(sui)率(lv)(lv)0.95%，較(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)重，銅(tong)梁(liang)白穗(sui)率(lv)(lv)最(zui)高(gao)5.2%；稻瘟病(bing)平均(jun)(jun)病(bing)葉率(lv)(lv)11.1%，較(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)重，最(zui)高(gao)100%，平均(jun)(jun)病(bing)穗(sui)率(lv)(lv)4.77%，潼(tong)南(nan)最(zui)高(gao)75%；稻紋枯病(bing)平均(jun)(jun)病(bing)葉率(lv)(lv)18.6%，較(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)重，酉陽(yang)最(zui)高(gao)88.7%；玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)病(bing)蟲害發(fa)生已穩定(ding)，玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)螟(ming)(ming)(ming)一般螟(ming)(ming)(ming)害率(lv)(lv)4.8%，最(zui)高(gao)螟(ming)(ming)(ming)害率(lv)(lv)59%；玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)紋枯病(bing)一般病(bing)株率(lv)(lv)為17.1%，最(zui)高(gao)病(bing)株率(lv)(lv)100%。
蔬菜(cai)(cai)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)以豆野螟、蚜蟲(chong)(chong)、菜(cai)(cai)青蟲(chong)(chong)、霜霉病(bing)、疫(yi)病(bing)等為(wei)主(zhu)。其中：豆野螟發生(sheng)程度2級，較(jiao)去年同期(qi)(qi)略重；霜霉病(bing)發生(sheng)2級，與去年同期(qi)(qi)相當；蚜蟲(chong)(chong)發生(sheng)2級，較(jiao)去年同期(qi)(qi)略輕(qing)；菜(cai)(cai)青蟲(chong)(chong)發生(sheng)1級，與去年同期(qi)(qi)相當；疫(yi)病(bing)發生(sheng)2級；武隆仙女山蔬菜(cai)(cai)基(ji)地(di)局部地(di)區辣椒煙青蟲(chong)(chong)發生(sheng)較(jiao)重。
柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)病(bing)(bing)蟲害以黑(hei)刺(ci)粉(fen)虱(shi)、柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)粉(fen)虱(shi)、矢尖蚧和(he)黑(hei)星病(bing)(bing)為(wei)主。黑(hei)刺(ci)粉(fen)虱(shi)、柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)粉(fen)虱(shi)和(he)矢尖蚧發生程(cheng)度2級(ji)，均(jun)較上年同期略輕；黑(hei)星病(bing)(bing)發生程(cheng)度2級(ji)，主要發生區域為(wei)渝中地(di)區的萬州、忠縣、長壽(shou)等地(di)。
二、8月中(zhong)旬農作物病蟲發(fa)生(sheng)趨(qu)勢(shi)
據氣(qi)象部(bu)(bu)門預(yu)報(bao)：8月(yue)12—14日，大(da)部(bu)(bu)地區(qu)有陣雨，局部(bu)(bu)地區(qu)大(da)雨；從16日開始(shi)，有5天左右連(lian)晴高溫(wen)(wen)天氣(qi)，大(da)部(bu)(bu)地區(qu)日最高氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)達(da)35℃以(yi)上，部(bu)(bu)分地區(qu)可達(da)38℃以(yi)上。預(yu)計8月(yue)中旬：
稻(dao)飛虱發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)5級(ji)(ji)(ji)，稻(dao)縱卷葉(xie)螟發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)5級(ji)(ji)(ji)，稻(dao)瘟病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)，稻(dao)紋枯病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)。蔬菜豆野螟發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，霜霉病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，蚜(ya)蟲發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)1-2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，菜青(qing)蟲發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)1-2級(ji)(ji)(ji)。矢尖蚧發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)，柑桔(jie)(jie)潛(qian)葉(xie)蛾發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)1級(ji)(ji)(ji)，黑刺粉(fen)虱發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)2-3級(ji)(ji)(ji)，柑桔(jie)(jie)粉(fen)虱發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)，黑星病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)2—3級(ji)(ji)(ji)。
來源：重慶農技推(tui)廣(guang)總站
