一、6月下旬農作物(wu)病蟲發生概況
截止(zhi)6月30日，我市大春作(zuo)物主(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)累計發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)為1701.2萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)（次(ci)(ci)(ci)），較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減11.3%，防治(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)1406.5萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)（次(ci)(ci)(ci)），占發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的82.7%。其中：稻(dao)(dao)(dao)飛虱發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)120.1萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)（次(ci)(ci)(ci)），較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減57.14%，大田平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)337頭(tou)(tou)(tou)/百(bai)叢(cong)，涪(fu)陵最(zui)(zui)高(gao)4500頭(tou)(tou)(tou)/百(bai)叢(cong)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)縱(zong)卷(juan)(juan)葉螟(ming)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)1級(ji)(ji)(ji)，局部(bu)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)82.3萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)畝(mu)(mu)幼蟲(chong)(chong)量241頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)低3391頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，酉陽(yang)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)2250頭(tou)(tou)(tou)；平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)畝(mu)(mu)蛾量151頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)低2110頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，萬(wan)盛最(zui)(zui)高(gao)3333頭(tou)(tou)(tou)；平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)卷(juan)(juan)葉率(lv)(lv)(lv)0.89%，較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)低5.81個百(bai)分點，忠縣(xian)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)6.7%。水稻(dao)(dao)(dao)二化螟(ming)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)，局部(bu)4級(ji)(ji)(ji)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)656萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)（次(ci)(ci)(ci)），較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減2.1%，平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)枯(ku)鞘率(lv)(lv)(lv)2.75%，較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輕(qing)(qing)，豐都最(zui)(zui)高(gao)21%；平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)枯(ku)心率(lv)(lv)(lv)0.87%，較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輕(qing)(qing)，忠縣(xian)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)8.9%。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)(bing)在渝(yu)(yu)(yu)西(xi)、渝(yu)(yu)(yu)中、渝(yu)(yu)(yu)南等地老病(bing)(bing)區、糯稻(dao)(dao)(dao)上(shang)(shang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)32.2萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)（次(ci)(ci)(ci)），較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減63.3%，平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)病(bing)(bing)葉率(lv)(lv)(lv)8.6%，較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輕(qing)(qing)，江(jiang)津最(zui)(zui)高(gao)95%。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)紋(wen)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)在渝(yu)(yu)(yu)西(xi)、渝(yu)(yu)(yu)中、渝(yu)(yu)(yu)南等地發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)148.2萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)（次(ci)(ci)(ci)），較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減6.4%，平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)病(bing)(bing)葉率(lv)(lv)(lv)5.35%，較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)低，涪(fu)陵最(zui)(zui)高(gao)68.7%。玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)螟(ming)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，局部(bu)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)140萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)（次(ci)(ci)(ci)），較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減19.41%，平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)螟(ming)害(hai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)6.24%，較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輕(qing)(qing)，墊江(jiang)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)52.4%。玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)紋(wen)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)，局部(bu)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)179.4萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)（次(ci)(ci)(ci)），平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)病(bing)(bing)株(zhu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)16.3%，較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輕(qing)(qing)，長壽最(zui)(zui)高(gao)95%。馬鈴薯(shu)晚疫病(bing)(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)，局部(bu)4級(ji)(ji)(ji)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)141萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)（次(ci)(ci)(ci)），平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)病(bing)(bing)株(zhu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)33%，明顯輕(qing)(qing)于上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。
蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)總體(ti)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)程度1級，局(ju)部(bu)2級，主要有紅蜘(zhi)(zhi)蛛、蚜蟲(chong)、菜(cai)(cai)青蟲(chong)、豆(dou)野螟、辣椒疫病(bing)(bing)、霜霉病(bing)(bing)、灰霉病(bing)(bing)、炭疽病(bing)(bing)等(deng)，蟲(chong)害較(jiao)上年(nian)同期輕(qing)(qing)，病(bing)(bing)害較(jiao)上年(nian)同期稍重(zhong)。柑桔(jie)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)總體(ti)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)程度3級，局(ju)部(bu)4級，以(yi)柑桔(jie)紅、黃蜘(zhi)(zhi)蛛、柑桔(jie)粉虱、黑刺粉虱為(wei)主，其(qi)中柑桔(jie)紅、黃蜘(zhi)(zhi)蛛發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)程度為(wei)3級，較(jiao)上年(nian)同期輕(qing)(qing)；柑桔(jie)粉虱發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)程度3級，較(jiao)上年(nian)同期重(zhong)。矢尖蚧發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)程度2級，較(jiao)上年(nian)同期輕(qing)(qing)。
二(er)、7月上旬農(nong)作物病蟲發生趨勢
7月上(shang)旬，我(wo)市馬鈴薯(shu)(shu)中(zhong)高山(shan)(shan)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)薯(shu)(shu)塊膨大期；水稻平(ping)(ping)壩處于(yu)(yu)(yu)拔節(jie)至(zhi)抽穗期，中(zhong)高山(shan)(shan)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)分蘗至(zhi)拔節(jie)期，長勢一(yi)般；玉米平(ping)(ping)壩處于(yu)(yu)(yu)吐(tu)絲(si)揚花期，中(zhong)高山(shan)(shan)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)喇叭(ba)口期，長勢良好(hao)。據氣(qi)象預(yu)報：7月1日—3日，我(wo)市大部地區陰天有陣雨。預(yu)計7月上(shang)旬：
馬鈴薯晚疫病(bing)(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為4級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。二化螟發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)4級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，稻飛虱發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)2—3級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，稻縱卷葉螟、稻瘟病(bing)(bing)、稻紋枯病(bing)(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。玉米(mi)螟發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)3—4級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，玉米(mi)紋枯病(bing)(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。蔬(shu)菜辣(la)椒疫病(bing)(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)4級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，番茄早、晚疫病(bing)(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，紅蜘蛛(zhu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)1級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，豆野(ye)螟發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。柑桔(jie)(jie)紅蜘蛛(zhu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，矢尖蚧發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，黑刺(ci)粉虱發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)2級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，柑桔(jie)(jie)粉虱發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)3級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，黑星病(bing)(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)2—3級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
三、防治建議(yi)
1、7月(yue)上旬是水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)“兩(liang)遷(qian)”害(hai)蟲、稻(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)(bing)等重大(da)病(bing)(bing)蟲關鍵防控時期。各區(qu)縣要抓住(zhu)當前防治關鍵時期，加(jia)大(da)宣(xuan)傳力(li)度，及時發(fa)布防治預警(jing)信息(xi)，組織對路(lu)藥(yao)劑，搶抓晴天，發(fa)動(dong)廣大(da)群(qun)眾開展(zhan)“兩(liang)遷(qian)”害(hai)蟲、稻(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)(bing)等重大(da)病(bing)(bing)害(hai)的大(da)面積防治工作。同時，對達到啟動(dong)應(ying)(ying)急預案標準的區(qu)縣要按照程序及時啟動(dong)應(ying)(ying)急預案。
2、蔬(shu)菜病(bing)(bing)害以辣椒(jiao)疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)(bing)、黃(huang)(huang)瓜霜霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)、番茄晚(wan)疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)(bing)等為重點，石柱等辣椒(jiao)基地(di)應特別(bie)注意(yi)疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)(bing)等病(bing)(bing)害的(de)防治(zhi)工(gong)作；加強對(dui)紅蜘蛛(zhu)(zhu)、茶黃(huang)(huang)螨及(ji)豆(dou)野螟(ming)等蔬(shu)菜蟲害的(de)監測和(he)普查工(gong)作，及(ji)時發布病(bing)(bing)蟲發生(sheng)防治(zhi)信息。繼(ji)續加強柑(gan)桔紅蜘蛛(zhu)(zhu)、黃(huang)(huang)蜘蛛(zhu)(zhu)、柑(gan)桔粉(fen)虱、矢尖蚧和(he)黑星病(bing)(bing)的(de)監測和(he)防治(zhi)。
來源：重慶市農業技術推廣(guang)總站
