去(qu)年(nian)下半年(nian)以來(lai)，受全(quan)球糧食產(chan)量下降(jiang)、國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)(shi)場糧食價(jia)格(ge)(ge)持續(xu)走高、國(guo)際(ji)石(shi)油價(jia)位(wei)震蕩上(shang)行等因素影響(xiang)，提升了(le)我(wo)國(guo)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)，各類農(nong)業生(sheng)產(chan)所需(xu)物資也隨之上(shang)漲。通過2月24日農(nong)情調(diao)度和市(shi)(shi)場調(diao)查(cha)顯示，今(jin)年(nian)，吉林市(shi)(shi)各類農(nong)資價(jia)格(ge)(ge)上(shang)漲趨(qu)勢比較明顯，農(nong)民觀望等待心理(li)加重。
一、備耕物資現狀
1、化肥。全市春耕生產計劃用肥16萬折純噸，目前已籌集12.97萬折純噸，占計劃用量的81.06%，農民到手4.22萬折純噸，占計劃用量的26.4%，比去年同期高4個百分點。通過農情和市場調度來看，化肥市場貨源充足，能夠滿足春耕生產所需，但價格上漲明顯。尿素每噸價格比去年同期增加了200元，同比增長11%；二銨每噸價格比去年同期增加了800元，同比增長27%；鉀肥每噸價格比去年同期增加了100元，同比增長2.87%；復合肥每噸(dun)價格比去(qu)年同期增加300-500元，同比增長16%。
2、種子。全市(shi)(shi)春(chun)耕生產(chan)計劃用(yong)(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)2.22萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)目前已(yi)調進2.02萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)農(nong)民已(yi)到(dao)手(shou)1.38萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)占計劃用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)的(de)62%，比去年(nian)高1.5個百分點。其中玉(yu)米種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)計劃用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)1.21萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)農(nong)民到(dao)手(shou)0.89萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)占計劃用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)的(de)40.1%。通過農(nong)情和市(shi)(shi)場調度來看，種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)總(zong)量(liang)相對充裕，但少數品種(zhong)(zhong)和水稻種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)市(shi)(shi)場供給呈偏緊態(tai)勢。玉(yu)米種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)價(jia)格漲幅不大，比去年(nian)同(tong)期增(zeng)長1%左右；水稻種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)價(jia)格上漲較為明(ming)顯，比去年(nian)同(tong)期增(zeng)長100%；大豆種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)價(jia)格與上年(nian)同(tong)期相比基本(ben)持平。
3、農藥、農膜、柴油。
全(quan)市春耕生產計劃用(yong)農(nong)藥6650噸(dun)，目前(qian)已籌(chou)集3450噸(dun)，占計劃用(yong)量的(de)51.87%，下撥1103噸(dun)，占計劃用(yong)量的(de)16.6%。
全市(shi)春(chun)耕(geng)生產計劃用(yong)農(nong)膜7000噸(dun)，目前已籌集5900噸(dun)，占計劃用(yong)量的84.3%，下撥(bo)1386噸(dun)，占計劃用(yong)量的20%。
農用柴油價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)大(da)幅(fu)上漲(zhang)(zhang)，0號(hao)、-35號(hao)柴油銷售價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)分別(bie)達到8085元/噸、9298元/噸，同(tong)比分別(bie)上漲(zhang)(zhang)970元/噸和1116元/噸。
二、影響價格(ge)因素分析(xi)
一(yi)是(shi)當前農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)形勢(shi)明(ming)顯好轉，國(guo)家(jia)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)高(gao)度重視，同時(shi)，為增(zeng)加農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)種糧收益，國(guo)家(jia)對(dui)糧食(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)進行(xing)直(zhi)接補貼，這一(yi)系列促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)發展、幫助(zhu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)增(zeng)收的(de)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)惠(hui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)政策的(de)出臺(tai)，大(da)大(da)提高(gao)了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)的(de)種植(zhi)積極性(xing)(xing)。二(er)是(shi)由于(yu)去年農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品市場價格上漲(zhang)(zhang)，國(guo)家(jia)又出臺(tai)了(le)一(yi)系列如糧食(shi)補貼、農(nong)(nong)(nong)資綜合補貼等(deng)惠(hui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)政策，農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)效(xiao)益增(zeng)加，刺激(ji)了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)積極性(xing)(xing)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)普(pu)遍加大(da)了(le)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)投入(ru)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)資的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)有(you)所增(zeng)加。三(san)是(shi)前期國(guo)際石(shi)油、進口(kou)尿素等(deng)化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)價格上漲(zhang)(zhang)，致使化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)價格水(shui)漲(zhang)(zhang)船高(gao)。據化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)廠家(jia)反映，化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)漲(zhang)(zhang)價來勢(shi)之猛，而(er)且是(shi)全(quan)國(guo)性(xing)(xing)的(de)大(da)氣候漲(zhang)(zhang)價，一(yi)些進口(kou)原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)每噸漲(zhang)(zhang)價幅(fu)度在400—500元不等(deng)，由此造成廠家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成本提高(gao)。
三、工作建議
1、積(ji)極組織貨(huo)(huo)源，確(que)(que)保(bao)備(bei)耕物資(zi)(zi)供應(ying)(ying)。針(zhen)對當前備(bei)耕生(sheng)產形勢，各級政(zheng)府要(yao)進一步協(xie)調農業(ye)(ye)、供銷(xiao)和農資(zi)(zi)經銷(xiao)企業(ye)(ye)抓(zhua)緊(jin)對組織種(zhong)子、化(hua)肥(fei)、農藥(yao)等貨(huo)(huo)源的(de)籌集，千方百計搞好物資(zi)(zi)儲備(bei)，加快物資(zi)(zi)的(de)下(xia)撥，積(ji)極調劑品種(zhong)余(yu)缺，確(que)(que)保(bao)市(shi)(shi)場供應(ying)(ying)，確(que)(que)保(bao)生(sheng)產所需。各級物價(jia)部門要(yao)加強對化(hua)肥(fei)、種(zhong)子等主(zhu)要(yao)農資(zi)(zi)商品價(jia)格的(de)監(jian)管，及時采(cai)取相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)干(gan)預(yu)措施，確(que)(que)保(bao)農資(zi)(zi)市(shi)(shi)場供應(ying)(ying)和價(jia)格穩定。
2、加(jia)大宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)，引導農民(min)(min)加(jia)快購買所需(xu)物資。針對(dui)今(jin)春(chun)(chun)(chun)備(bei)耕(geng)(geng)形勢，利用(yong)各類媒體，加(jia)快宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)力度，向農民(min)(min)宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)和分析當前(qian)各類生(sheng)產資料價格(ge)情況(kuang)，引導和幫助農民(min)(min)消(xiao)除等待觀望思(si)想，抓緊購進(jin)和備(bei)足各類春(chun)(chun)(chun)耕(geng)(geng)生(sheng)產物資。確保(bao)(bao)3月末前(qian)，春(chun)(chun)(chun)耕(geng)(geng)生(sheng)產所需(xu)的(de)種子、化肥、農藥下(xia)擺到戶，保(bao)(bao)證適時(shi)開展春(chun)(chun)(chun)播，堅決(jue)不違(wei)誤(wu)農時(shi)。
3、強化農(nong)(nong)資(zi)市場(chang)監(jian)管(guan)，確保糧食生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)安全(quan)(quan)。加強農(nong)(nong)資(zi)質量(liang)和(he)市場(chang)監(jian)管(guan)，集中力量(liang)開展農(nong)(nong)資(zi)打(da)假(jia)專項行動(dong)，嚴厲打(da)擊生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營(ying)(ying)假(jia)劣農(nong)(nong)資(zi)等違(wei)法(fa)行為，維(wei)護農(nong)(nong)民利益，保障(zhang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)發展。組(zu)織農(nong)(nong)業、工商、質檢等部門(men)積極開展“放心農(nong)(nong)資(zi)下鄉進村活動(dong)”，突出抓好(hao)準入和(he)市場(chang)監(jian)管(guan)兩(liang)個環節，最大(da)程度減少坑農(nong)(nong)事件的(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)，同(tong)時對哄抬物(wu)價、隨意漲價等行為進行堅決(jue)打(da)擊。農(nong)(nong)業部門(men)要組(zu)織種子、肥料(liao)、植保等執法(fa)人員深入生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)資(zi)料(liao)銷售市場(chang)，依法(fa)對各(ge)類對各(ge)類農(nong)(nong)資(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營(ying)(ying)主體進行全(quan)(quan)面清理整頓(dun)，著重(zhong)查處(chu)無證生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營(ying)(ying)，超范圍經營(ying)(ying)，生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)銷售未經登記(ji)、審定、批準使(shi)用的(de)農(nong)(nong)資(zi)產(chan)品，摻雜使(shi)假(jia)，以(yi)次充好(hao)，以(yi)及偽造(zao)、涂(tu)改生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營(ying)(ying)單位名稱、地址、有效期、有關質量(liang)標識等違(wei)法(fa)違(wei)紀(ji)案件，確保農(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)安全(quan)(quan)。
