由于農藥外貿形勢嚴峻導致國內市場競爭加劇,預計明年國內農藥價格整體持平。而隨著農業生產技術水平的不斷提高,除草劑等農藥產品的需求量將大幅上升。根據全國31個省(自治區、直轄市)級植保植檢站統計預測分析,全國農技推廣中心預計2013年全國農藥需求總量(商品量)為102.44 萬噸,折百量為33.43萬噸,增長幅度為4.68%。
在“談農藥而(er)色(se)變”的今天,明年農藥的需(xu)(xu)求量將有所增長,這對處(chu)于市場需(xu)(xu)求萎縮、行情低迷的農藥生產行業(ye)來說,無疑是一個福音。
隨著農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業現(xian)代化進程加(jia)快,越來越依賴農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。在發達國(guo)家,超過(guo)(guo)99%的(de)谷(gu)物使(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao);接近(jin)99%的(de)土豆,甜菜和(he)豆子使(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao);近(jin)94% 的(de)蔬菜使(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao);近(jin)92%的(de)果樹(shu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。我國(guo)是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業大國(guo), 每年平均發生病蟲(chong)害約(yue)27-28億(yi)畝次,使(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)為23萬噸左(zuo)右(you),每公頃(qing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)24.2公斤(jin)。其中,殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)殺(sha)(sha)螨劑占(zhan)62%;殺(sha)(sha)菌劑占(zhan)21%;除草劑占(zhan) 17%。至今(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)每畝用(yong)(yong)量約(yue)2公斤(jin);其防治(zhi)面(mian)積達23億(yi)畝左(zuo)右(you),約(yue)占(zhan)總面(mian)積的(de) 85%;每年可挽回糧食損(sun)失200-300億(yi)公斤(jin)。
今年5月,農(nong)業部在回答(da)老(lao)百姓(xing)“能(neng)不能(neng)不使用(yong)農(nong)藥”的(de)疑問時說,農(nong)藥對(dui)植物(wu)(wu)來說,猶如(ru)醫(yi)藥對(dui)人(ren)類一樣重要(yao),且必不可(ke)少。農(nong)作物(wu)(wu)病蟲草害引起的(de)損失最多可(ke)達70%,通過(guo)正(zheng)確使用(yong)農(nong)藥可(ke)以挽回40%左右的(de)損失。如(ru)果(guo)不用(yong)農(nong)藥,中國肯定(ding)會出現(xian)饑荒。
中國農(nong)業大學陳萬(wan)義教授(shou)說,農(nong)藥與汽(qi)車一樣(yang),也是人類的工具(ju),一種與農(nong)業有(you)害生物(wu)作斗(dou)爭的工具(ju)。人們應該像對待(dai)汽(qi)車一樣(yang)善(shan)待(dai)農(nong)藥,用其(qi)利,抑(yi)其(qi)弊。
誠然(ran),某些(xie)傳統農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)衍生(sheng)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)污(wu)染及農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘(can)留問題,正威脅(xie)生(sheng)態環境和人類健(jian)康(kang),但只要(yao)我們很好地控制、利用(yong)好它,仍(reng)然(ran)可(ke)以(yi)進入市場的(de)。一(yi)方面(mian)(mian),我們要(yao)禁限一(yi)批對社會環境有不(bu)良影(ying)響的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao),而(er)對國民經(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)起著(zhu)(zhu)重大(da)作用(yong)的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)品(pin)種,則必(bi)須加強引導(dao),科學、合理(li)、安(an)全的(de)使用(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao);另一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)也要(yao)加強政策和經(jing)濟支撐(cheng),著(zhu)(zhu)力(li)開發(fa)(fa)高效、低毒、低殘(can)留、符(fu)合社會發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)新(xin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。只有這(zhe)樣(yang),綠色農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)才(cai)能得以(yi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、擴大(da),綠色農(nong)(nong)(nong)業和食品(pin)才(cai)能得以(yi)保證。