目前，正值(zhi)春(chun)耕生產之(zhi)際，是(shi)(shi)農村購買(mai)農業(ye)(ye)生產資(zi)(zi)料的(de)旺季，但與此同(tong)時出(chu)現(xian)的(de)一個(ge)突(tu)出(chu)問(wen)題是(shi)(shi)農業(ye)(ye)生產資(zi)(zi)料價格漲幅(fu)呈現(xian)逐月攀升(sheng)之(zhi)勢。據統計(ji)，今年1、2、3月份，湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)農業(ye)(ye)生產資(zi)(zi)料價格同(tong)比分別上(shang)漲17.3%、19.8%和(he)27.9%，特別是(shi)(shi)3月份，是(shi)(shi)自2006年8月連續(xu)20個(ge)月上(shang)漲以來(lai)的(de)最高漲幅(fu)；1至3月累計(ji)上(shang)漲21.7%，漲幅(fu)比上(shang)年同(tong)期擴大18個(ge)百分點(dian)。而且，尤其以糧食(shi)主產區漲幅(fu)為(wei)大。
據調查，目前，農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產資料價格呈現“三(san)高(gao)”：一是(shi)(shi)化肥(fei)價格高(gao)，化肥(fei)價格漲(zhang)幅(fu)在(zai)12.6%—86%，其中(zhong)，漲(zhang)幅(fu)最大的(de)是(shi)(shi)復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)和過磷酸鈣(gai)，每噸分別上(shang)漲(zhang)66.7%和86%；二是(shi)(shi)仔豬(zhu)(zhu)價格高(gao)，每公斤均(jun)價為36.7元(yuan)(yuan)，上(shang)漲(zhang)146.3%，一頭仔豬(zhu)(zhu)價格在(zai)1000元(yuan)(yuan)左右，補(bu)欄壓力(li)增加；三(san)是(shi)(shi)農(nong)藥(yao)價格高(gao)，農(nong)藥(yao)價格漲(zhang)幅(fu)在(zai)9.8%—33.3%，其中(zhong)，多(duo)菌靈、草甘磷上(shang)漲(zhang)50%以上(shang)。另外(wai)，種子(zi)、農(nong)用薄膜、農(nong)用柴油等均(jun)有(you)不(bu)同程(cheng)度地上(shang)漲(zhang)。
農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)價(jia)格大幅(fu)上(shang)(shang)漲直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響了農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)增收。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)影(ying)響農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)及時購(gou)買(mai)、及時投入(ru)使用(yong)(yong)。目前(qian)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)工業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)加(jia)速，化肥、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)薄(bo)膜等產(chan)(chan)(chan)品產(chan)(chan)(chan)量快速增加(jia)，貨源充(chong)足，化肥、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)薄(bo)膜、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)柴(chai)油的供應充(chong)足率(lv)在(zai)90%左右(you)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)、種子的充(chong)足率(lv)在(zai)95%以上(shang)(shang)，均(jun)明顯好于(yu)去年。但因(yin)漲幅(fu)過大，影(ying)響購(gou)買(mai)。據統計，一(yi)(yi)季度，全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)人均(jun)購(gou)買(mai)化肥16.21公(gong)斤(jin)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年同期(qi)下降10.2%；人均(jun)購(gou)買(mai)飼料0.75公(gong)斤(jin)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年同期(qi)減(jian)少一(yi)(yi)半。二是(shi)直(zhi)接(jie)增加(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)，影(ying)響農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)增收。據省(sheng)(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)廳測算，按(an)照(zhao)目前(qian)價(jia)格，全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)購(gou)買(mai)化肥將(jiang)(jiang)增加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)31億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，購(gou)買(mai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)薄(bo)膜、種子增加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)10億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機使用(yong)(yong)增加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)5億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，不考慮農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)用(yong)(yong)工，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)直(zhi)接(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)將(jiang)(jiang)增加(jia)46億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)左右(you)。而國家增加(jia)的農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)直(zhi)接(jie)補(bu)貼（糧食直(zhi)補(bu)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)綜合補(bu)貼、良種補(bu)貼、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機補(bu)貼四項）只(zhi)有15億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，算總(zong)賬(zhang)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)將(jiang)(jiang)增加(jia)32億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)左右(you)。湖北省(sheng)(sheng)常(chang)年復種面積1.1億(yi)(yi)畝，單茬(cha)種植每畝成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)將(jiang)(jiang)增加(jia)30元(yuan)。三是(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)的增加(jia)，將(jiang)(jiang)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)定程(cheng)度上(shang)(shang)推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品價(jia)格、進而推動居民(min)(min)消(xiao)費價(jia)格的上(shang)(shang)漲，加(jia)大通脹壓力。因(yin)此，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)價(jia)格大幅(fu)上(shang)(shang)漲問題，應引起高度重視。
農資價(jia)格(ge)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)的(de)主要原(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)生產(chan)(chan)、運(yun)輸等(deng)成本上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)。一是(shi)國(guo)際石油(you)(you)價(jia)格(ge)不斷攀升(sheng)，由去年底的(de)每桶80多美元上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)到目前的(de)每桶110美元以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。國(guo)內石油(you)(you)價(jia)格(ge)繼續大幅(fu)攀升(sheng)，2月份原(yuan)油(you)(you)出廠(chang)價(jia)格(ge)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年同(tong)月上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)37.5%，作為(wei)化肥生產(chan)(chan)原(yuan)料的(de)石油(you)(you)附產(chan)(chan)品價(jia)格(ge)也隨之上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)。二(er)是(shi)工(gong)業原(yuan)材料、燃料、動(dong)力購(gou)進價(jia)格(ge)持續上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)，一季度同(tong)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)10.7%，漲(zhang)幅(fu)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年同(tong)期高(gao)6.7個百(bai)分點。三是(shi)運(yun)輸成本上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)。受(shou)汽(qi)油(you)(you)、柴(chai)油(you)(you)價(jia)格(ge)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)、高(gao)速公路計重收費(fei)和春運(yun)運(yun)輸緊張等(deng)因(yin)素影響，導(dao)致物資運(yun)輸成本上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)。
針對農資價格大幅上漲，農業生產成本上升，農民增收難度加大的問題，我們建議：一是嚴格執行好國家發改委有關化肥價格政策，以及對化肥生產企業的相關優惠措施，努力降低化肥生產成本，加強對出廠價格和進出口調控的監督和管理。落實好對化肥批發和零售價格實行進銷差率、批零差率、最高限價管理的制度，加強對農資市場的監管。二是落實好各項惠農政策，力爭各項補貼在4月底前發放到戶。三是抓好在田作物管理，加強對農民的技術指導和打工引導，做好減輕農民負擔工作，以確保全年農民增收目標任務的順利完成。
