由于我(wo)省今春(chun)3、4月(yue)份氣溫較低，降(jiang)水(shui)偏(pian)多，日(ri)照時(shi)數較少(shao)，使(shi)得(de)保護(hu)地蔬菜定植比常(chang)年(nian)拖后5-7天，病(bing)蟲害發(fa)生危(wei)害也較常(chang)年(nian)晚一(yi)周左右。近日(ri)，棚室蔬菜病(bing)蟲害已到普遍發(fa)生階段，各地要做好病(bing)蟲害的防(fang)治工作(zuo)。
病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)：黃(huang)(huang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)以(yi)(yi)細菌(jun)(jun)性(xing)(xing)角(jiao)斑病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、黑星(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、霜霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、灰霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)為(wei)主(zhu)；番(fan)茄(qie)(qie)以(yi)(yi)葉(xie)霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、灰霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、早疫病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、晚疫病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)等為(wei)主(zhu)。據哈(ha)爾(er)濱、綏化、大慶、齊齊哈(ha)爾(er)、牡丹江市和(he)佳木斯市郊區(qu)(qu)等地(di)5月(yue)5日-5月(yue)15日調(diao)查(cha)，黃(huang)(huang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)細菌(jun)(jun)性(xing)(xing)角(jiao)斑病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)4-12%；黃(huang)(huang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)黑星(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)11.5％；黃(huang)(huang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)霜霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)1-4%；黃(huang)(huang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)灰霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)1-5％；個別(bie)市縣發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)黃(huang)(huang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、枯(ku)萎病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、根腐病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)。番(fan)茄(qie)(qie)葉(xie)霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)10%-20%；番(fan)茄(qie)(qie)灰霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)1%-3%；番(fan)茄(qie)(qie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)3％-5％；番(fan)茄(qie)(qie)早疫病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、晚疫病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、細菌(jun)(jun)性(xing)(xing)斑疹病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)部分(fen)地(di)區(qu)(qu)零星(xing)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。另外，部分(fen)地(di)區(qu)(qu)棚(peng)室發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)菜豆菌(jun)(jun)核(he)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、細菌(jun)(jun)性(xing)(xing)疫病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、灰霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)和(he)辣椒疫病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)等。同時，受4月(yue)下旬低溫(wen)影(ying)響，凍害(hai)與生(sheng)(sheng)理性(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)在各地(di)也有不同程度的(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。
蟲(chong)害：以斑潛蠅為(wei)主。雙城、安達、大慶市(shi)、穆棱、佳(jia)木(mu)斯市(shi)郊區等地大棚斑潛蠅有蟲(chong)株率為(wei)2%-7%，發(fa)生棚室率10%。同時，部分地區發(fa)生蚜蟲(chong)、跳甲、白粉虱等。
近日氣溫持(chi)續較高，有利于(yu)棚(peng)室蔬菜病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲害的發(fa)(fa)生發(fa)(fa)展，以黃瓜霜霉病(bing)(bing)(bing)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)病(bing)(bing)(bing)，番茄早疫病(bing)(bing)(bing)、灰霉病(bing)(bing)(bing)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)病(bing)(bing)(bing)等為主的病(bing)(bing)(bing)害及以斑潛(qian)蠅(ying)為主的蟲害將進一步(bu)蔓延危害。對(dui)此，各地要加強監測，指(zhi)導菜農及時防(fang)治。
來源：黑龍江省植檢植保(bao)站
