全國農業(ye)技術(shu)推廣(guang)服(fu)務中(zhong)心組織科研、教(jiao)學和推廣(guang)單位專(zhuan)家分(fen)(fen)析預(yu)測(ce)，2012年(nian)小(xiao)麥病(bing)蟲(chong)害總(zong)體(ti)偏(pian)(pian)重發(fa)生(sheng)，發(fa)生(sheng)程度明顯重于2011年(nian)，預(yu)計發(fa)生(sheng)面積(ji)10.0億畝(mu)次，同(tong)比增加10%。其中(zhong)，病(bing)害發(fa)生(sheng)面積(ji)4.5億畝(mu)次、蟲(chong)害發(fa)生(sheng)面積(ji)5.5億畝(mu)次，同(tong)比分(fen)(fen)別增加28%和2%。蚜(ya)蟲(chong)、紋枯病(bing)呈偏(pian)(pian)重至大發(fa)生(sheng)態勢(shi)，吸漿蟲(chong)有加重發(fa)生(sheng)趨勢(shi)，條銹病(bing)、赤霉(mei)病(bing)在部分(fen)(fen)地區有偏(pian)(pian)重流行風險(xian)。
一、發生趨勢(shi)
1．小麥(mai)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)。條銹(xiu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)四省(sheng)（市）、甘(gan)肅南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)東部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)麥(mai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)等(deng)(deng)地(di)偏(pian)重流(liu)(liu)(liu)行，陜西(xi)漢(han)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)關中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、甘(gan)肅中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、寧(ning)夏(xia)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、青海東部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、新疆(jiang)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、湖北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)江(jiang)漢(han)平原(yuan)、河(he)南(nan)(nan)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)等(deng)(deng)地(di)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)(deng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)行，山西(xi)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、山東西(xi)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)膠(jiao)東半島、河(he)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)等(deng)(deng)麥(mai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)偏(pian)輕(qing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)行可能，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)發(fa)生(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)4000萬畝(mu)。白粉病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)河(he)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、河(he)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、江(jiang)蘇淮(huai)(huai)(huai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、湖北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、陜西(xi)秦嶺(ling)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)麓和(he)(he)渭北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)塬(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、貴州西(xi)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)偏(pian)重發(fa)生(sheng)，華北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、黃(huang)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)、長江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域的其他麥(mai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)麥(mai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)(deng)發(fa)生(sheng)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)發(fa)生(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)1.0億畝(mu)。紋枯病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)河(he)南(nan)(nan)大部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、江(jiang)蘇淮(huai)(huai)(huai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、安(an)徽(hui)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)偏(pian)重發(fa)生(sheng)，其余華北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、黃(huang)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)和(he)(he)江(jiang)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)大部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)(deng)發(fa)生(sheng)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)發(fa)生(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)1.3億畝(mu)。赤霉病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)湖北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)東部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)江(jiang)漢(han)平原(yuan)、江(jiang)蘇沿(yan)江(jiang)和(he)(he)蘇南(nan)(nan)、安(an)徽(hui)沿(yan)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)及(ji)其以南(nan)(nan)、浙江(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、上(shang)海有(you)偏(pian)重流(liu)(liu)(liu)行的潛(qian)在(zai)(zai)威脅，長江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域的其他麥(mai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、黃(huang)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)(deng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)行的可能，黃(huang)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)華北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)偏(pian)輕(qing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)行可能，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)發(fa)生(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)6000萬畝(mu)。根腐病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、全(quan)蝕(shi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)和(he)(he)胞囊線蟲病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)華北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、黃(huang)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)、江(jiang)漢(han)麥(mai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)局部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)生(sheng)危(wei)害(hai)有(you)明顯加重態勢，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、葉銹(xiu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、葉枯病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、黑(hei)穗病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)等(deng)(deng)在(zai)(zai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分麥(mai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)會(hui)造成一(yi)定危(wei)害(hai)。
2.小麥(mai)(mai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害。穗期(qi)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)在(zai)(zai)河(he)北(bei)、山(shan)東(dong)大發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，華(hua)北(bei)、黃淮的(de)其他麥(mai)(mai)區、西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)麥(mai)(mai)區和江蘇、云南(nan)(nan)等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)偏(pian)(pian)重發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，長江中(zhong)下(xia)游其它麥(mai)(mai)區、西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)大部(bu)麥(mai)(mai)區中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，全(quan)國(guo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積2.4億畝(mu)。麥(mai)(mai)蜘蛛在(zai)(zai)河(he)北(bei)、山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)中(zhong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)、河(he)南(nan)(nan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)部(bu)偏(pian)(pian)重發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，河(he)南(nan)(nan)大部(bu)、山(shan)東(dong)、湖北(bei)、四川、陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)渭北(bei)塬區、甘肅(su)等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，其余麥(mai)(mai)區偏(pian)(pian)輕(qing)及以下(xia)程度發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，全(quan)國(guo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積1.1億畝(mu)。吸漿(jiang)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)在(zai)(zai)陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)關中(zhong)中(zhong)東(dong)部(bu)、河(he)北(bei)中(zhong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)偏(pian)(pian)重發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，河(he)南(nan)(nan)、陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、北(bei)京、天(tian)津(jin)等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，山(shan)東(dong)、安徽、山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、青(qing)海(hai)、甘肅(su)、寧夏等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)偏(pian)(pian)輕(qing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，全(quan)國(guo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積3500萬畝(mu)。地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)在(zai)(zai)華(hua)北(bei)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)較重，全(quan)國(guo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)(mian)積9500萬畝(mu)。麥(mai)(mai)葉蜂(feng)、灰飛虱、一代粘蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)、土蝗(huang)、麥(mai)(mai)莖蜂(feng)、潛葉蠅等(deng)(deng)在(zai)(zai)部(bu)分麥(mai)(mai)區會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)一定(ding)危害。
二(er)、預測依據
1．冬前病蟲(chong)基數(shu)大(da)部地區高(gao)于上年或(huo)常年
條銹病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)甘肅(su)、寧夏(xia)、陜(shan)西等(deng)(deng)(deng)西北(bei)(bei)秋(qiu)苗(miao)主發(fa)區見(jian)(jian)(jian)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)面(mian)積(ji)為437萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，比2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增加27%，接(jie)近2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，比2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期減少31%。冬前，四川東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)、云南(nan)(nan)西部(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)湖北(bei)(bei)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)西南(nan)(nan)和(he)(he)漢水冬麥區10市（州(zhou)）18縣（區、市）零(ling)星(xing)見(jian)(jian)(jian)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)，總(zong)體(ti)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情重(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，接(jie)近2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，輕于(yu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)早、冬繁快的(de)2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期。新疆(jiang)阿克蘇、伊(yi)犁河(he)谷(gu)秋(qiu)苗(miao)及自生(sheng)麥苗(miao)上零(ling)星(xing)見(jian)(jian)(jian)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)，發(fa)生(sheng)面(mian)積(ji)4.5萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，越冬菌源量顯著(zhu)低(di)于(yu)前2年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。白(bai)粉病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)總(zong)體(ti)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情略重(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)和(he)(he)常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。其中山(shan)(shan)西、甘肅(su)、寧夏(xia)秋(qiu)苗(miao)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)葉率分別為5.2%、0.9%、0.6%，陜(shan)西、河(he)南(nan)(nan)、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)、河(he)北(bei)(bei)、新疆(jiang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)地零(ling)星(xing)見(jian)(jian)(jian)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)。紋(wen)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)華北(bei)(bei)、黃淮麥區發(fa)生(sheng)較為普遍，河(he)南(nan)(nan)、河(he)北(bei)(bei)、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)、山(shan)(shan)西、安徽平(ping)均(jun)(jun)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株率分別為4.6%、4.3%、3.8%、2.7%、2.0%，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情多重(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)和(he)(he)常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。根腐病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)湖北(bei)(bei)、河(he)北(bei)(bei)、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株率分別為5.0%、0.7%和(he)(he)0.3%，接(jie)近常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)或略高，河(he)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)零(ling)星(xing)見(jian)(jian)(jian)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)。
蚜蟲在華北、黃(huang)淮(huai)麥區(qu)蟲量(liang)明顯(xian)高于常(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，其中北京、河(he)(he)北、河(he)(he)南、山(shan)(shan)西(xi)、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)平均百(bai)株蚜量(liang)分別(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)40.7頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、10.7頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、12.6頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、14.8頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、10.6頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，分別(bie)(bie)(bie)比(bi)(bi)常(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增加(jia)10.6倍(bei)(bei)、4.1倍(bei)(bei)、3倍(bei)(bei)、12.2%和(he)(he)0.5%；西(xi)北麥區(qu)百(bai)株蚜量(liang)不足(zu)10頭(tou)(tou)(tou)。麥蜘蛛秋(qiu)(qiu)苗(miao)平均每尺單(dan)行蟲量(liang)，安徽、河(he)(he)南、山(shan)(shan)西(xi)、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)、河(he)(he)北、甘肅(su)、寧(ning)夏(xia)分別(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)22.6頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、17.8頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、7.5頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、7.1頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、9.0頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、4.0頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、0.3頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，河(he)(he)南比(bi)(bi)常(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增加(jia)2.5倍(bei)(bei)，其它地區(qu)比(bi)(bi)常(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)減(jian)少3.3%-19.6%。吸漿蟲華北、黃(huang)淮(huai)和(he)(he)西(xi)北常(chang)發區(qu)蟲口(kou)密度繼(ji)續(xu)保持較低水平，新發區(qu)逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)加(jia)重。秋(qiu)(qiu)季(ji)淘土調(diao)查平均每小方蟲繭量(liang)，陜西(xi)、河(he)(he)北、北京、河(he)(he)南、山(shan)(shan)西(xi)、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)分別(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)7.2頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、4.5頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、2.2頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、1.5頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、1.1頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、0.6頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，陜西(xi)比(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)增加(jia)1.4倍(bei)(bei)，陜西(xi)渭南、河(he)(he)北邢(xing)臺局部蟲口(kou)密度分別(bie)(bie)(bie)達到(dao)180頭(tou)(tou)(tou)和(he)(he)427頭(tou)(tou)(tou)；其它地區(qu)比(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)減(jian)少26.7%-88.2%。地下害蟲秋(qiu)(qiu)苗(miao)被害株率，山(shan)(shan)西(xi)、陜西(xi)、河(he)(he)北、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)、河(he)(he)南、北京分別(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)5.2%、2.0%、1.4%、0.9%、0.6%、0.3%，山(shan)(shan)西(xi)、河(he)(he)北分別(bie)(bie)(bie)比(bi)(bi)常(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增加(jia)16.3%、10.6%，其他地區(qu)比(bi)(bi)常(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)略低。
2．小麥長(chang)勢(shi)好，品(pin)種抗性較差
全(quan)國冬小麥(mai)播種(zhong)面積(ji)比上年略增，華北(bei)、黃淮和長江中(zhong)下游(you)(you)大(da)部(bu)主(zhu)產(chan)麥(mai)區(qu)苗情好(hao)于(yu)常年，對病蟲(chong)發生有利。小麥(mai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)布局沒有明(ming)顯(xian)變化，除甘肅、四川、陜西(xi)等地條銹(xiu)病菌源區(qu)種(zhong)植(zhi)有一定比例(li)的抗(kang)耐條銹(xiu)病品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)外，其(qi)它大(da)部(bu)麥(mai)區(qu)主(zhu)栽品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)抗(kang)銹(xiu)性(xing)較(jiao)差(cha)；除鄂麥(mai)、揚麥(mai)系(xi)列對赤霉病有一定抗(kang)性(xing)外，長江中(zhong)下游(you)(you)和黃淮麥(mai)區(qu)主(zhu)栽品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)均不抗(kang)赤霉病；大(da)部(bu)麥(mai)區(qu)主(zhu)栽品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)對白粉病、紋枯病、蚜(ya)蟲(chong)、吸漿蟲(chong)等主(zhu)要病蟲(chong)害的抗(kang)性(xing)普遍較(jiao)差(cha)。
3．氣(qi)候條件對蟲害發生有利(li)
據國(guo)家氣(qi)(qi)候中心監測(ce)和預測(ce)，2011年(nian)冬季(ji)(ji)，全國(guo)大部(bu)地區氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)較常(chang)年(nian)同期(qi)偏低(di)，冷暖(nuan)變化幅(fu)度(du)較大，對(dui)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)、麥蜘(zhi)蛛(zhu)等(deng)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)安(an)全越冬不利(li)；四川(chuan)中東部(bu)、云南北(bei)部(bu)、重慶(qing)大部(bu)、湖(hu)北(bei)西(xi)部(bu)等(deng)地冬季(ji)(ji)降水較常(chang)年(nian)同期(qi)偏多(duo)(duo)，對(dui)條銹病(bing)(bing)冬繁較為(wei)有(you)(you)利(li)。今年(nian)春季(ji)(ji)，全國(guo)大部(bu)麥區氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)偏高，華北(bei)、黃淮大部(bu)發(fa)生冬春氣(qi)(qi)象連旱的可能性大，對(dui)病(bing)(bing)害(hai)發(fa)生有(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作用，對(dui)麥蜘(zhi)蛛(zhu)、蚜(ya)蟲(chong)和灰飛虱及(ji)其傳(chuan)播的病(bing)(bing)毒(du)病(bing)(bing)發(fa)生有(you)(you)利(li)，促(cu)使其早發(fa)和重發(fa)；西(xi)南西(xi)部(bu)降水偏多(duo)(duo)，對(dui)條銹病(bing)(bing)、白粉病(bing)(bing)等(deng)病(bing)(bing)害(hai)發(fa)生有(you)(you)利(li)。
（病蟲害測報處）
