長春市(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)安縣華(hua)家鎮(zhen)團山村(cun)(cun)、畢家店村(cun)(cun)、松柏(bo)村(cun)(cun),于(yu)8月4日當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民反映有蝗蟲發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)并危害(hai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田,經當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)站及省市(shi)植(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)部(bu)門(men)調查認定為(wei)土蝗發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)危害(hai),發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)面積為(wei)962公(gong)頃,其中耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)653公(gong)頃,林帶(dai)荒地(di)(di)(di)(di)315公(gong)頃,蟲源密度每(mei)平(ping)方米50-100頭(tou),蟲齡(ling)3齡(ling),已進入耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)咬(yao)食玉米、高粱(liang)等農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)作物的(de)葉片(pian),局部(bu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方危害(hai)嚴重。8月6日省農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業技術推廣總站啟動應(ying)急防治預案(an),從各地(di)(di)(di)(di)調用植(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)機械,組織市(shi)縣植(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)部(bu)門(men)配合當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)政府指導農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民滅(mie)蝗,目前已基本控制(zhi)了(le)蟲源的(de)擴散(san)蔓(man)延(yan),有效的(de)控制(zhi)了(le)蟲害(hai)的(de)危害(hai)程度。
根據(ju)前(qian)二年(nian)我市植(zhi)保(bao)(bao)部門秋季對土蝗的調查結果表明,近2年(nian)土蝗的發生(sheng)危害有加重的趨勢,望(wang)各縣(xian)(市)區農業技術推廣(guang)部門和植(zhi)保(bao)(bao)部門及農民朋友(you)密(mi)切(qie)關(guan)注土蝗的發生(sheng)發展動態,及時發現及早防治。
發生特(te)點:土(tu)(tu)蝗(huang)(huang)分布比較(jiao)廣,在東北(bei)地區(qu)一年(nian)發生一代,均以卵(luan)越冬,在我省(sheng)土(tu)(tu)蝗(huang)(huang)越冬卵(luan)7月上旬(xun)孵(fu)(fu)化(hua),蝗(huang)(huang)蝻(nan)盛發期(qi)7月中下,成(cheng)蟲盛發期(qi)在8月初(chu)(chu),9月初(chu)(chu)為(wei)產(chan)卵(luan)盛期(qi),9月中下旬(xun)陸續(xu)死亡。氣候條件對土(tu)(tu)蝗(huang)(huang)卵(luan)的(de)孵(fu)(fu)化(hua)有比較(jiao)大的(de)影(ying)響,今年(nian)由于(yu)持續(xu)干旱使(shi)土(tu)(tu)蝗(huang)(huang)卵(luan)的(de)孵(fu)(fu)化(hua)有所推遲(chi)。
土蝗(huang)具有群居(ju)性,并(bing)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)定遷移能(neng)力(li)。成(cheng)蟲每次遷飛可達10米(mi)。土蝗(huang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般在雜草地上產卵,卵孵(fu)化(hua)后一(yi)(yi)(yi)般先在雜草上取食(shi)然后遷到附(fu)近農(nong)田危害。在高溫干旱(han)年(nian)份,土蝗(huang)發育(yu)快,存活率高,發生程(cheng)度(du)較重。
來源:長春市植保站
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