農資質(zhi)量：農民的(de)一塊“心病”
——甘肅省農(nong)資產品質量調查報告
現狀篇
假劣(lie)農(nong)資坑農(nong)事件層(ceng)出不窮
“以前買的(de)碳(tan)胺(an)還未(wei)打開包裝(zhuang)，嗆人的(de)氣(qi)味就會(hui)撲面而來，但現(xian)在市場上銷售的(de)碳(tan)胺(an)拆(chai)封(feng)后根本(ben)沒有以前那種刺(ci)激性氣(qi)味了(le)，究竟(jing)是假是真(zhen)根本(ben)弄不清(qing)楚”。近(jin)日，涇川(chuan)縣(xian)豐臺(tai)鄉(xiang)楊澇池村村民楊繼春痛心地對(dui)記者說。
化肥(fei)質量的優(you)劣直接關(guan)系到(dao)農(nong)作(zuo)物的收成(cheng)和農(nong)業(ye)的增(zeng)效。
春(chun)耕時節(jie)，記(ji)者在榆中(zhong)、永登等地采訪(fang)時了解到，目前市場上化(hua)肥的質量(liang)問題(ti)仍然是農(nong)(nong)民的一(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)“心病”。榆中(zhong)縣三(san)角城鄉三(san)角城村一(yi)(yi)社村民陳文有老人在自家的蔬(shu)菜大(da)(da)棚(peng)里，向(xiang)記(ji)者講述了自己的一(yi)(yi)次不幸遭遇：“去年(nian)秋季(ji)，他(ta)家大(da)(da)棚(peng)蔬(shu)菜換(huan)茬(cha)之時，到當地一(yi)(yi)家農(nong)(nong)資商店買了一(yi)(yi)袋(dai)(dai)尿素，使用后(hou)芹(qin)(qin)菜長得又矮又細，產(chan)量(liang)比往年(nian)減少2/3，一(yi)(yi)棚(peng)芹(qin)(qin)菜總共才(cai)賣了700多塊(kuai)錢，收入不及往年(nian)的1/10。找到銷售商后(hou)，只(zhi)給他(ta)賠了一(yi)(yi)袋(dai)(dai)尿素。”
3月24日，記者(zhe)跟隨(sui)甘肅省質(zhi)監局稽查局到永登縣苦水鎮檢(jian)查時(shi)發現(xian)，好多磷肥生(sheng)產企業在生(sheng)產磷肥時(shi)，往(wang)往(wang)偷工(gong)減(jian)料，使用(yong)劣(lie)質(zhi)原(yuan)材料進行加工(gong)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)現(xian)象非常普遍。當遇到執法人員時(shi)，他們(men)大多采(cai)取躲避的(de)(de)辦法來應付檢(jian)查。企業的(de)(de)質(zhi)量意(yi)識、責任(ren)意(yi)識非常淡薄。
在永登縣某磷化有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)，記者看到該廠(chang)(chang)將磷礦石從四(si)川(chuan)等地進回來(lai)后，沒有(you)(you)經(jing)過熟(shu)化池加工，而是直(zhi)接摻入一定(ding)量的(de)硫酸，然后進行簡單晾(liang)曬(shai)后，就直(zhi)接裝(zhuang)袋出(chu)廠(chang)(chang)銷售了(le)。據永登縣質監局臧局長介紹，“象這樣加工生產的(de)磷肥，根本沒有(you)(you)肥效”。
金(jin)昌(chang)市(shi)質監(jian)局(ju)在農資產品打假(jia)專(zhuan)項整治(zhi)行(xing)動(dong)中查獲了數(shu)量達20噸(dun)的劣質粒狀過(guo)磷(lin)酸鈣。金(jin)昌(chang)市(shi)質量技術監(jian)督檢測(ce)所檢驗(yan)發現(xian)，該批化(hua)肥有效磷(lin)百(bai)分含量不足(zu)2％，嚴重不符合(he)粒狀過(guo)磷(lin)酸鈣合(he)格品Ⅱ級品有效磷(lin)百(bai)分含量不小(xiao)于12％的要求。
據(ju)介紹，這(zhe)批產(chan)品(pin)標注廠名為蘭州興鑫復合(he)肥廠的(de)磷肥，產(chan)品(pin)上(shang)未(wei)標注廠址、凈重產(chan)品(pin)包(bao)裝(zhuang)無(wu)復膜，未(wei)折邊封口，無(wu)生(sheng)產(chan)日期(qi)、合(he)格證和生(sheng)產(chan)批號。執法人員從20噸化肥中任意抽取5袋(dai)進行稱重，平均(jun)計(ji)量負偏(pian)差為2.741公斤。
3月(yue)27日，平(ping)(ping)涼市(shi)質監局執(zhi)法人員根據群(qun)眾(zhong)舉(ju)(ju)報，連夜(ye)出擊，對平(ping)(ping)涼火車(che)南站某公司轉運站正在裝車(che)銷(xiao)售的(de)標(biao)(biao)識為(wei)“四川自(zi)貢佳(jia)龍生物科技有限公司”生產的(de)“佳(jia)壯肥(fei)(fei)(fei)”復混有機(ji)無機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料進行檢(jian)(jian)查時，一(yi)舉(ju)(ju)查獲了近60噸假(jia)化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。現場檢(jian)(jian)查發現，該(gai)批(pi)(pi)化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)外包裝粗糙，標(biao)(biao)識印制模糊不(bu)清，涉嫌存在質量問題。當執(zhi)法人員了解到已有2輛(liang)化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)運輸(shu)車(che)輛(liang)遠離現場運走一(yi)批(pi)(pi)該(gai)化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)情況時，他(ta)們(men)連夜(ye)追回了化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)及運輸(shu)車(che)輛(liang)。經抽樣并經法定(ding)質檢(jian)(jian)機(ji)構檢(jian)(jian)驗，該(gai)批(pi)(pi)化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)實際檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)氮、磷、鉀的(de)含量均為(wei)0，有機(ji)質含量僅為(wei)2.4%。
“這樣的(de)(de)(de)化(hua)肥用到地(di)里，給(gei)農(nong)民造成的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)失可想(xiang)而知，可是類似的(de)(de)(de)案(an)(an)件在全省(sheng)屢見不(bu)鮮”。甘(gan)肅(su)省(sheng)質監局(ju)稽查(cha)局(ju)副局(ju)長蔡元(yuan)恒說。據介紹，去年農(nong)資(zi)打假專(zhuan)項(xiang)行(xing)動(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，甘(gan)肅(su)全省(sheng)質監部(bu)門出(chu)動(dong)執法人員3560人次，共檢查(cha)農(nong)資(zi)生產企業(ye)和(he)經銷商(shang)(shang)240家，立案(an)(an)查(cha)處農(nong)資(zi)違法案(an)(an)件206起(qi)，移送(song)公(gong)安機關1起(qi)，查(cha)獲的(de)(de)(de)假冒偽劣農(nong)資(zi)產品貨值近290萬(wan)元(yuan)。一(yi)份來(lai)自甘(gan)肅(su)省(sheng)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)局(ju)12315申訴(su)(su)舉(ju)報指(zhi)揮中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)統計資(zi)料顯示，自3月(yue)份以來(lai)該(gai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心接(jie)到有關化(hua)肥質量的(de)(de)(de)投訴(su)(su)案(an)(an)件“大幅增長”。
農資(zi)質量徘徊不前
甘肅(su)省(sheng)農(nong)藥(yao)化肥(fei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量(liang)監督(du)檢驗(yan)站(zhan)站(zhan)長傅(fu)燕玲告訴記(ji)者，近日，甘肅(su)省(sheng)質監局對(dui)全省(sheng)市場上銷(xiao)售的(de)農(nong)藥(yao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量(liang)進(jin)行了監督(du)檢查(cha)。結果顯示(shi)，農(nong)藥(yao)的(de)合格(ge)率(lv)為70％。在(zai)(zai)抽(chou)查(cha)的(de)農(nong)藥(yao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)涉及殺蟲劑和殺菌劑等(deng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)中，企業合格(ge)率(lv)為69.4%，產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)抽(chou)樣檢驗(yan)合格(ge)率(lv)為70.0%。檢驗(yan)發(fa)現(xian)，目前甘肅(su)省(sheng)化肥(fei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)：一是標(biao)識不(bu)符(fu)。一些化肥(fei)的(de)標(biao)識帶有夸大(da)、欺詐傾向(xiang)，明明不(bu)具備某(mou)種功能(neng)，但卻以“多元、增產(chan)(chan)(chan)、高(gao)效、高(gao)濃度”之類(lei)的(de)誘(you)人(ren)之詞(ci)誤(wu)導消(xiao)費者，有些復合肥(fei)的(de)實際總養(yang)分(fen)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)達不(bu)到外包(bao)裝標(biao)注(zhu)的(de)含量(liang)，有些企業在(zai)(zai)包(bao)裝上冒用(yong)大(da)化肥(fei)廠(chang)的(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)許(xu)可證(zheng)，造(zao)成一證(zheng)多用(yong)現(xian)象。二是內在(zai)(zai)質量(liang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)嚴(yan)重(zhong)。主要(yao)(yao)是主含量(liang)達不(bu)到標(biao)準要(yao)(yao)求，有害物質超(chao)標(biao)，甚(shen)至使用(yong)工業廢酸，以次充(chong)好(hao)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)突出，有的(de)以二元肥(fei)冒充(chong)三元肥(fei)，有的(de)用(yong)低濃度肥(fei)冒充(chong)高(gao)濃度肥(fei)。
俗話(hua)說：“種瓜(gua)得(de)(de)瓜(gua)，種豆(dou)得(de)(de)豆(dou)”，但要(yao)“得(de)(de)瓜(gua)”、“得(de)(de)豆(dou)”，關(guan)鍵在于(yu)種子質(zhi)量。一項統計表明，農民增收35%的(de)因素來(lai)自良種。由此可見，種子是(shi)農民增收、農業(ye)增效的(de)“希(xi)望”所在。但記(ji)者(zhe)在采訪中(zhong)了解(jie)到(dao)，出(chu)售劣質(zhi)種子坑農害農的(de)事(shi)件時(shi)有發(fa)生。永登縣(xian)苦水鎮轉輪寺村一位(wei)村民告訴記(ji)者(zhe)，去(qu)(qu)年他買的(de)油菜籽，出(chu)苗率(lv)只有50%，致使產量大減，損(sun)失近1500元。村民岳永虎反(fan)映，2007年他買的(de)洋(yang)芋(yu)種子質(zhi)量不(bu)錯(cuo)，7分地就(jiu)收獲3000斤洋(yang)芋(yu)。去(qu)(qu)年由于(yu)事(shi)先沒有儲(chu)備種子，情急之下就(jiu)從小商販處(chu)買了洋(yang)芋(yu)種子，結果出(chu)了問題，洋(yang)芋(yu)個(ge)頭小得(de)(de)很，不(bu)少洋(yang)芋(yu)從地里(li)一挖出(chu)來(lai)就(jiu)是(shi)爛的(de)，1畝5分地收獲不(bu)足3000斤。個(ge)頭小的(de)洋(yang)芋(yu)賣不(bu)出(chu)去(qu)(qu)，只好(hao)喂了豬。一年下來(lai)，不(bu)但沒有收益，反(fan)而損(sun)失300多(duo)塊(kuai)錢。
甘(gan)肅省(sheng)質監(jian)局稽查局局長陳建軍告訴記(ji)者，今年一季度，該局對全省(sheng)324家生產和銷售農資企(qi)業(ye)的(de)381批次產品進行了(le)監(jian)督檢查。結果發現，部分(fen)農機零(ling)配件加工精度和硬度等指標不合(he)(he)格(ge)，部分(fen)復(fu)混肥中總養分(fen)、鉀(jia)、有(you)效磷、氯離子含(han)量(liang)(liang)不合(he)(he)格(ge)，部分(fen)磷肥產品中的(de)五氧化二磷不合(he)(he)格(ge)。同時，隨著各種農機的(de)大(da)量(liang)(liang)使(shi)用，農機零(ling)配件的(de)需求量(liang)(liang)也在不斷增加。令(ling)人擔憂的(de)是，為獲取高額(e)利潤，不少生產者為減(jian)少生產成本，偷(tou)工減(jian)料(liao)，采用低(di)劣材料(liao)生產農機零(ling)配件。
記者從甘肅省(sheng)質(zhi)(zhi)監局監督處了(le)解到，目(mu)前省(sheng)內乃至全國還有(you)(you)相當一(yi)部分農(nong)(nong)機(ji)生(sheng)產廠家沒有(you)(you)完善的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量保證(zheng)體(ti)系和技術力量，企業質(zhi)(zhi)量意識依然淡薄，產品不(bu)(bu)按標準生(sheng)產。另外，農(nong)(nong)機(ji)售后服務(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)量問(wen)題也是(shi)農(nong)(nong)機(ji)市場的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)大(da)隱患。例如(ru)《農(nong)(nong)機(ji)三(san)包(bao)規定》中明確規定，“農(nong)(nong)業機(ji)械(xie)實行(xing)誰銷售誰負責三(san)包(bao)的(de)(de)(de)原則”。然而，與此(ci)形成鮮明對比(bi)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，目(mu)前省(sheng)內的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)機(ji)經銷商很少有(you)(you)人深入田間地(di)頭為農(nong)(nong)民使用農(nong)(nong)機(ji)提供售后服務(wu)。有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)甚至在(zai)農(nong)(nong)機(ji)用戶(hu)有(you)(you)服務(wu)要(yao)求時以使用不(bu)(bu)當或保養不(bu)(bu)當為由拒(ju)絕保修，還有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)商家在(zai)售完農(nong)(nong)機(ji)就一(yi)走(zou)了(le)之。
整治篇
各職(zhi)能(neng)部(bu)門聯動，齊(qi)聲(sheng)對假劣農(nong)資說“不”
農資(zi)產品質(zhi)量(liang)，是事關整個農業和農村經濟發展及解決“三農”問題的大事。
近年來，甘肅省各(ge)級市(shi)場監管(guan)部門都把打(da)假護(hu)農作為整頓和規范市(shi)場經濟秩序工(gong)作的重中之重，質監、工(gong)商部分別從生產(chan)、流通環節(jie)加大(da)監管(guan)力(li)度，齊聲對假劣農資說“不”。
甘(gan)肅(su)省質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)(jian)局稽查局副局長(chang)蔡元恒(heng)介紹(shao)說(shuo)，在(zai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)領域，從(cong)2001年開(kai)(kai)始，甘(gan)肅(su)省質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)(jian)部門(men)就按(an)照(zhao)“標本兼治、著力(li)治本、打(da)防(fang)結合、綜合治理”的(de)(de)原則，將(jiang)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、農(nong)(nong)藥、農(nong)(nong)機等(deng)作(zuo)為打(da)假(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)重點，積極(ji)探索從(cong)源頭上(shang)監(jian)(jian)管農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)長(chang)效機制(zhi)，查處(chu)了大批制(zhi)售假(jia)(jia)(jia)劣農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)違法(fa)(fa)案件(jian)。甘(gan)肅(su)省質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)(jian)部門(men)在(zai)農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)監(jian)(jian)管中(zhong)(zhong)，首(shou)先是嚴把(ba)農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品市(shi)(shi)場準入關，按(an)照(zhao)國家工(gong)(gong)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)許可(ke)證(zheng)制(zhi)度(du)管理規(gui)定，選配了一批工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)責任(ren)心強、業(ye)務水平高的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人員(yuan)加強了對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)藥、復混肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、磷肥(fei)(fei)(fei)等(deng)農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)許可(ke)證(zheng)的(de)(de)管理工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。其次是連續幾年都開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)了“農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)打(da)假(jia)(jia)(jia)下鄉(xiang)”專項執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)，開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)了“進(jin)百(bai)村(cun)、入百(bai)戶、抽百(bai)樣”活(huo)動(dong)(dong)，并建(jian)立了農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量跟(gen)蹤點，組織執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)人員(yuan)深入田間地頭和(he)農(nong)(nong)戶家中(zhong)(zhong)，將(jiang)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)打(da)假(jia)(jia)(jia)、質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)服務和(he)法(fa)(fa)制(zhi)宣傳活(huo)動(dong)(dong)送到農(nong)(nong)業(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)一線。再次是對(dui)(dui)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、農(nong)(nong)藥生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企業(ye)實施“黑(hei)名(ming)單”制(zhi)度(du)，將(jiang)列入國家質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)總局生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)假(jia)(jia)(jia)劣農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)“黑(hei)名(ming)單”的(de)(de)企業(ye)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)向社(she)(she)會進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了公布(bu)(bu)，讓全社(she)(she)會都來監(jian)(jian)督。另外(wai)，還積極(ji)建(jian)立健全假(jia)(jia)(jia)劣農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)投訴舉報網絡，向新聞媒體公布(bu)(bu)了投訴舉報電話，在(zai)農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量問題(ti)反映較多的(de)(de)地區建(jian)立了農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)打(da)假(jia)(jia)(jia)信(xin)息員(yuan)隊伍，從(cong)而把(ba)假(jia)(jia)(jia)劣農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)坑(keng)農(nong)(nong)害農(nong)(nong)事件(jian)消除在(zai)萌(meng)芽狀(zhuang)態(tai)。與(yu)此同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，甘(gan)肅(su)省質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)(jian)部門(men)還積極(ji)發(fa)揮(hui)技術(shu)優(you)勢，加大了農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)督檢(jian)驗力(li)度(du)，并將(jiang)檢(jian)驗結果及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)向社(she)(she)會進(jin)行(xing)(xing)公布(bu)(bu)，對(dui)(dui)名(ming)優(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品予以通報表揚，對(dui)(dui)假(jia)(jia)(jia)劣農(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)公開(kai)(kai)暴(bao)光(guang)，有(you)效地起到了扶優(you)治劣、規(gui)范市(shi)(shi)場的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。
今年，隨著中(zhong)央對(dui)農(nong)業工作力度(du)的加大(da)，國家(jia)(jia)質(zhi)檢(jian)總(zong)局(ju)把(ba)農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)作為“一號”工程(cheng)進行了安排部署(shu)。為了貫徹落實國家(jia)(jia)質(zhi)檢(jian)總(zong)局(ju)關于農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)專項打(da)(da)假(jia)工作的具體部署(shu)，更好地服務三農(nong)，2月(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri)，甘肅省質(zhi)監局(ju)向(xiang)各市（州）質(zhi)監局(ju)下發了《關于2008年深入開展農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)專項打(da)(da)假(jia)工作的通(tong)知》，確定3月(yue)(yue)15日(ri)(ri)至4月(yue)(yue)15日(ri)(ri)為農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)打(da)(da)假(jia)集(ji)中(zhong)行動月(yue)(yue)。目前，聲勢(shi)浩大(da)的農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)打(da)(da)假(jia)行動已如(ru)火如(ru)荼(tu)地展開。
同時(shi)(shi)，甘(gan)肅省工(gong)商(shang)部(bu)門(men)連續幾(ji)年開(kai)展了(le)以“打假治(zhi)劣(lie)，保安(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)”為(wei)主題的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)專(zhuan)項(xiang)打假行(xing)(xing)動(dong)和(he)“紅盾(dun)護(hu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”專(zhuan)項(xiang)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)。甘(gan)肅省工(gong)商(shang)局(ju)市場(chang)監管局(ju)有關負(fu)責人(ren)介紹說，各級(ji)工(gong)商(shang)部(bu)門(men)圍(wei)繞種(zhong)子(zi)、肥料(liao)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機具(ju)嚴(yan)把(ba)市場(chang)準入關，對(dui)(dui)所有經(jing)(jing)(jing)營農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)品的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)個(ge)體(ti)(ti)工(gong)商(shang)戶(hu)進行(xing)(xing)徹底排查(cha)(cha)和(he)清理(li)(li)(li)，對(dui)(dui)無證照和(he)超范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)，嚴(yan)格依法予(yu)以處理(li)(li)(li)；并對(dui)(dui)種(zhong)子(zi)、肥料(liao)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機具(ju)及(ji)(ji)(ji)零配件(jian)等集中開(kai)展專(zhuan)項(xiang)整治(zhi)和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)品質量(liang)(liang)定向監測，將抽(chou)查(cha)(cha)結果及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)向社會發(fa)布消(xiao)費(fei)提示，嚴(yan)厲打擊(ji)以“送貨下鄉”為(wei)名(ming)到農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村地區銷(xiao)售(shou)假冒偽劣(lie)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)品的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)。督(du)促所有農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)、個(ge)體(ti)(ti)工(gong)商(shang)戶(hu)健全(quan)(quan)完(wan)善進貨、銷(xiao)貨經(jing)(jing)(jing)銷(xiao)臺賬制度，要(yao)求農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營戶(hu)給農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民開(kai)具(ju)規范(fan)(fan)(fan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營承諾(nuo)書、產(chan)品質量(liang)(liang)“信譽(yu)卡”，凡經(jing)(jing)(jing)依法核(he)準登(deng)記(ji)、涉及(ji)(ji)(ji)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)品經(jing)(jing)(jing)營的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，要(yao)求納入信用(yong)等級(ji)分類監管范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)，積極為(wei)具(ju)有合法經(jing)(jing)(jing)營資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)格的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營者(zhe)打通綠色(se)通道，推行(xing)(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)連鎖經(jing)(jing)(jing)營試點。同時(shi)(shi)還推行(xing)(xing)“經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟戶(hu)口(kou)”管理(li)(li)(li)，強化農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內部(bu)管理(li)(li)(li)制度建設，加(jia)大對(dui)(dui)失(shi)信、嚴(yan)重失(shi)信農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)監管力度。建立了(le)完(wan)善舉報(bao)投訴處理(li)(li)(li)機制，充分發(fa)揮“12315”消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)申訴舉報(bao)網絡(luo)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)處理(li)(li)(li)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民群(qun)眾反(fan)映的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)案(an)件(jian)，確保讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民群(qun)眾用(yong)上放心農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)品。
與(yu)此同時，農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部門(men)也加大(da)了(le)對假劣農(nong)(nong)資的(de)(de)打擊力度。3月28日，甘肅(su)省第四屆(jie)“放心(xin)農(nong)(nong)資下(xia)(xia)鄉進村(cun)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)周”活(huo)動(dong)(dong)在蘭州(zhou)市紅固區啟動(dong)(dong)。在啟動(dong)(dong)儀式上，甘肅(su)省農(nong)(nong)牧廳宣(xuan)布(bu)3月24-30日為(wei)第四屆(jie)“放心(xin)農(nong)(nong)資下(xia)(xia)鄉進村(cun)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)周”。廳長(chang)武文斌表示，期間將(jiang)舉辦以(yi)“放心(xin)農(nong)(nong)資下(xia)(xia)鄉，維(wei)護農(nong)(nong)民權(quan)益”為(wei)主題的(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)，由(you)省、市、區農(nong)(nong)牧部門(men)和農(nong)(nong)資企業(ye)的(de)(de)230多(duo)名專家，開展農(nong)(nong)業(ye)政(zheng)策(ce)法規、農(nong)(nong)業(ye)生產技(ji)(ji)術、農(nong)(nong)資識(shi)別使用(yong)等方面的(de)(de)咨詢、技(ji)(ji)術培訓等。大(da)力普及農(nong)(nong)資識(shi)假辨假常識(shi)，強化對農(nong)(nong)民群(qun)眾的(de)(de)指(zhi)導，幫助農(nong)(nong)民樹立正確的(de)(de)消費(fei)觀念，指(zhi)導農(nong)(nong)民科學合理使用(yong)農(nong)(nong)資，提高農(nong)(nong)民群(qun)眾質量意識(shi)和維(wei)權(quan)能力。
農(nong)資監管重在(zai)建立長效機制
近兩年，盡管質(zhi)監、工(gong)商(shang)、農(nong)業(ye)等(deng)部(bu)門(men)對農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)市(shi)場(chang)進行了(le)(le)卓有(you)成效的(de)(de)(de)(de)監管，但農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)市(shi)場(chang)整治(zhi)依然(ran)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)長期(qi)性(xing)、復(fu)雜性(xing)和(he)(he)艱巨性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)。記者了(le)(le)解到(dao)，目前(qian)，影響甘(gan)肅(su)(su)省(sheng)農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)市(shi)場(chang)整治(zhi)效果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要原(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)執法(fa)(fa)手段(duan)落后和(he)(he)地(di)(di)方(fang)保護(hu)主(zhu)義嚴重(zhong)(zhong)。農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)監管手段(duan)遠不(bu)能適應農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)監管執法(fa)(fa)新(xin)形勢、新(xin)情況的(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要；另外甘(gan)肅(su)(su)省(sheng)從上(shang)到(dao)下，農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)監管和(he)(he)執法(fa)(fa)打假(jia)沒有(you)專項(xiang)經費(fei)，各監管部(bu)門(men)經費(fei)不(bu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)非常嚴重(zhong)(zhong)。此外，一(yi)(yi)些(xie)地(di)(di)方(fang)存(cun)在保護(hu)主(zhu)義，致使執法(fa)(fa)不(bu)能到(dao)位。對此，甘(gan)肅(su)(su)省(sheng)質(zhi)監局(ju)稽查局(ju)局(ju)長陳建軍一(yi)(yi)針見血地(di)(di)對記者說：“農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)打假(jia)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)長期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系統工(gong)作(zuo)，需(xu)要從生產、流通和(he)(he)消費(fei)等(deng)環(huan)節嚴把質(zhi)量(liang)關(guan)，僅(jin)靠(kao)監管部(bu)門(men)是(shi)無法(fa)(fa)肅(su)(su)清市(shi)場(chang)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)假(jia)劣農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，需(xu)要全社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)量(liang)。只有(you)形成合(he)力(li)，建立真正的(de)(de)(de)(de)長效機(ji)制，才(cai)能杜絕假(jia)劣農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產品”。
慶陽市質(zhi)監(jian)局(ju)法(fa)宣科科長王清(qing)峰告訴記者(zhe)，2005年，慶陽市質(zhi)監(jian)局(ju)在(zai)“農(nong)(nong)資(zi)打假下鄉”集中行動(dong)的基礎上，召開了全市“放(fang)心(xin)化肥進(jin)農(nong)(nong)家(jia)”動(dong)員大會和農(nong)(nong)資(zi)生產經銷(xiao)企業座談會，并啟動(dong)了“放(fang)心(xin)農(nong)(nong)資(zi)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)家(jia)”活動(dong)，收(shou)效不(bu)錯。
據悉，慶(qing)陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)質(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)局在“放心農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)家”活動中(zhong)，積極向(xiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)宣傳國(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)生(sheng)產監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)政策，對(dui)名優產品(pin)(pin)、獲得國(guo)家免(mian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)(pin)和適合該市(shi)(shi)土壤結構及(ji)(ji)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)比較穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)(pin)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)重點推(tui)介(jie)，積極向(xiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)講解科學(xue)(xue)施肥(fei)的(de)(de)(de)知識和方法(fa)(fa)，使農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)學(xue)(xue)會辨別(bie)劣質(zhi)化肥(fei)的(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)。對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)投(tou)訴情況(kuang)(kuang)和監(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗情況(kuang)(kuang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)綜合分析(xi)，在全(quan)市(shi)(shi)先后(hou)建立了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)市(shi)(shi)場跟蹤巡查制(zhi)度(du)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)市(shi)(shi)場進(jin)(jin)貨(huo)(huo)索證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)制(zhi)度(du)、到貨(huo)(huo)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)送檢(jian)(jian)(jian)制(zhi)度(du)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)打(da)(da)假(jia)聯動制(zhi)度(du)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)產品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)定(ding)期發布制(zhi)度(du)。同時，該局與(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)生(sheng)產企業(ye)簽定(ding)了(le)(le)企業(ye)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)承諾書，定(ding)期向(xiang)企業(ye)反饋質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)抽檢(jian)(jian)(jian)情況(kuang)(kuang)和打(da)(da)假(jia)信息，把(ba)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)與(yu)服務(wu)(wu)結合起來，積極向(xiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)推(tui)薦合格優質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)化肥(fei)，使放心農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)走進(jin)(jin)了(le)(le)千(qian)家萬戶。同時，慶(qing)陽(yang)質(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)部門按照貼近社(she)會主義新(xin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村建設需要的(de)(de)(de)原則，突出重點，加大(da)力(li)(li)(li)度(du)，堅持(chi)執法(fa)(fa)與(yu)服務(wu)(wu)相結合，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)加大(da)源頭(tou)治理、案(an)件查處和曝光的(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)(li)度(du)，不(bu)斷創(chuang)新(xin)工(gong)作(zuo)手段，健全(quan)工(gong)作(zuo)機制(zhi)，強化配合，落實(shi)(shi)責(ze)任，促進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)打(da)(da)假(jia)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)工(gong)作(zuo)能力(li)(li)(li)與(yu)效(xiao)率水平的(de)(de)(de)提高(gao)，推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)市(shi)(shi)場秩序(xu)加快實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)根本好轉。充分利用(yong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督抽查、執法(fa)(fa)打(da)(da)假(jia)、現(xian)(xian)場檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)等手段把(ba)產品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查和執法(fa)(fa)打(da)(da)假(jia)工(gong)作(zuo)拓展到田(tian)間地(di)頭(tou)，以抓源頭(tou)、端窩點、查大(da)案(an)為(wei)主線(xian)認(ren)真開(kai)展“三(san)查三(san)防”工(gong)作(zuo)，及(ji)(ji)時查處了(le)(le)一(yi)批農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)造假(jia)售假(jia)案(an)件，使區域性質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)專項整治邁上新(xin)臺階，有力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)推(tui)動了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)打(da)(da)假(jia)專項整治。另(ling)外，該局還積極建立健全(quan)化肥(fei)生(sheng)產質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)制(zhi)度(du)和防范區域性質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)問題預警(jing)機制(zhi)，大(da)膽探索農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)產品(pin)(pin)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)長效(xiao)機制(zhi)。要求各縣區質(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)局結合抽查情況(kuang)(kuang)、投(tou)訴情況(kuang)(kuang)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)打(da)(da)假(jia)中(zhong)發現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)問題，對(dui)本轄區企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)狀況(kuang)(kuang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)分析(xi)，不(bu)斷加大(da)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗和執法(fa)(fa)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查的(de)(de)(de)覆蓋面，建立和落實(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)市(shi)(shi)場巡查制(zhi)度(du)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)市(shi)(shi)場進(jin)(jin)貨(huo)(huo)索證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)制(zhi)度(du)和到貨(huo)(huo)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)送檢(jian)(jian)(jian)制(zhi)度(du)，嚴把(ba)市(shi)(shi)場準入關，從而有效(xiao)地(di)保證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)產品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。慶(qing)陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)質(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)局副調研員李(li)茂峰說：“通過(guo)實(shi)(shi)施這些行(xing)(xing)(xing)之有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)措施，慶(qing)陽(yang)化肥(fei)產品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)平均合格率達到73.6%，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)產品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)總體(ti)水平呈逐年上升的(de)(de)(de)趨勢。”
陸武(wu)成(cheng)副省長在省政府召(zhao)開(kai)(kai)的春(chun)(chun)耕(geng)春(chun)(chun)播(bo)生產(chan)工作(zuo)會(hui)議上要求，各級政府和(he)有(you)關部(bu)門要從增加農民收入、促進農村(cun)經(jing)濟發展和(he)構建和(he)諧社會(hui)的高度出發，把農資市(shi)場監管作(zuo)為一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)長期工作(zuo)，采取一(yi)(yi)切措施，克服各種困(kun)難(nan)，全力(li)維(wei)護(hu)農資市(shi)場穩定(ding)，確(que)保農村(cun)經(jing)濟健康發展。農業(ye)、公安(an)、工商、質(zhi)檢等部(bu)門要密切配合，形(xing)成(cheng)合力(li)，積極開(kai)(kai)展專項(xiang)治理(li)，切實維(wei)護(hu)群眾利益，確(que)保春(chun)(chun)耕(geng)生產(chan)順利開(kai)(kai)展。
維權篇
提升農民維權意識刻(ke)不容(rong)緩(huan)
記者在甘肅省消協了(le)解到，一些農民在購買(mai)到劣(lie)質農產品(26.01,-1.30,-4.76%,吧)后，并不(bu)去相關部(bu)門去投(tou)訴，而是(shi)“自認倒霉”，這更加(jia)助長了(le)制(zhi)售假分子的囂張(zhang)氣焰。
甘肅(su)省消協一(yi)位工作人員告(gao)訴記者(zhe)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)消費者(zhe)文化(hua)(hua)水平不(bu)(bu)高(gao)，維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意識(shi)較淡薄，一(yi)旦受到(dao)假(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)坑(keng)害，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)主動去維(wei)(wei)(wei)護自身權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)。總結起來，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)有三(san)難(nan)(nan)：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)特殊性和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意識(shi)不(bu)(bu)強(qiang)，導(dao)致農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)舉證(zheng)(zheng)難(nan)(nan)。化(hua)(hua)肥、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥、種子(zi)這些(xie)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)是(shi)(shi)好(hao)(hao)是(shi)(shi)壞(huai)，憑肉眼難(nan)(nan)以(yi)辨別，等(deng)到(dao)發(fa)(fa)現是(shi)(shi)假(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)時(shi)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)幾個(ge)月(yue)過去了(le)，失(shi)去了(le)最佳(jia)維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)機；由于農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)效用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)揮與土地(di)、氣(qi)候等(deng)因素有關，有些(xie)不(bu)(bu)法(fa)經營者(zhe)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)用(yong)“使(shi)用(yong)不(bu)(bu)當”、“氣(qi)候變化(hua)(hua)”等(deng)理(li)由來搪塞農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)。同(tong)時(shi)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意識(shi)不(bu)(bu)強(qiang)，不(bu)(bu)注重(zhong)證(zheng)(zheng)據的(de)(de)(de)保存也導(dao)致了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)取證(zheng)(zheng)困難(nan)(nan)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)交(jiao)易很少使(shi)用(yong)發(fa)(fa)票(piao)、收(shou)據等(deng)票(piao)證(zheng)(zheng)，產(chan)品(pin)包裝也大多(duo)用(yong)過即(ji)扔，需(xu)要(yao)取證(zheng)(zheng)時(shi)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)“死無(wu)對證(zheng)(zheng)”。二(er)是(shi)(shi)鑒(jian)定難(nan)(nan)、費用(yong)多(duo)導(dao)致農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)成本(ben)高(gao)，讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)異常(chang)困難(nan)(nan)，大多(duo)數農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)只(zhi)能選(xuan)擇放棄。三(san)是(shi)(shi)訴訟(song)難(nan)(nan)。訴訟(song)程(cheng)序復雜，法(fa)律條款深奧，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)難(nan)(nan)以(yi)理(li)清(qing)相(xiang)互關系(xi)、搞(gao)懂其中奧妙，最終只(zhi)好(hao)(hao)不(bu)(bu)了(le)了(le)之。所以(yi)，當前在大力(li)整頓(dun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)市場的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)，還要(yao)下(xia)大力(li)氣(qi)提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)消費維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意識(shi)，建立健全(quan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村維(wei)(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)體(ti)系(xi)。
有(you)關(guan)專家提醒廣大農(nong)民(min)消費者(zhe)，購買(mai)農(nong)資(zi)時(shi)要養成良(liang)好(hao)(hao)習慣：1．購買(mai)時(shi)要仔細(xi)察(cha)看產(chan)(chan)品(pin)包(bao)裝相關(guan)標(biao)識(shi)和(he)經(jing)營者(zhe)的(de)(de)證(zheng)照。如購買(mai)化(hua)肥(fei)應(ying)查(cha)驗有(you)無合格(ge)證(zheng)、肥(fei)料登(deng)記證(zheng)號、廠名(ming)廠址、商標(biao)標(biao)識(shi)、生產(chan)(chan)日期、保質期及(ji)使(shi)用說明等；必須查(cha)看經(jing)營者(zhe)是否有(you)營業執照和(he)縣級以上(shang)農(nong)業主管(guan)部(bu)(bu)門(men)頒發(fa)的(de)(de)《農(nong)作物種子經(jing)營許可證(zheng)》、《種子質量合格(ge)證(zheng)》等相關(guan)證(zheng)件。 2、注(zhu)意保存消費憑證(zheng)，即國家稅務(wu)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)(bu)門(men)統一印制(zhi)的(de)(de)發(fa)票，并(bing)(bing)要求商家清楚(chu)地(di)標(biao)明購買(mai)時(shi)間、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)名(ming)稱、數(shu)量、等級、規格(ge)、型(xing)號、價(jia)格(ge)等內容(rong)。4．碰到突(tu)發(fa)性產(chan)(chan)品(pin)責任(ren)事故，應(ying)在采取(qu)(qu)搶(qiang)救(jiu)措施的(de)(de)同時(shi)，保護好(hao)(hao)現場(chang)，并(bing)(bing)盡快請有(you)關(guan)人員到現場(chang)勘(kan)察(cha)，獲取(qu)(qu)盡可能多的(de)(de)證(zheng)據。另(ling)外，使(shi)用前要注(zhu)意留存化(hua)肥(fei)、農(nong)藥和(he)種子的(de)(de)外包(bao)裝，最好(hao)(hao)保留少量原品(pin)，這(zhe)些(xie)都是原始的(de)(de)憑證(zheng)。 5、投(tou)訴(su)或提起(qi)訴(su)訟時(shi)要注(zhu)意時(shi)效性。我國《民(min)法通(tong)則》和(he)《產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量法》都對消費者(zhe)依法保護自己的(de)(de)權(quan)益做了(le)時(shi)限上(shang)的(de)(de)規定(ding)，超(chao)過時(shi)限就(jiu)無法提起(qi)訴(su)訟。 6、投(tou)訴(su)時(shi)要將(jiang)自己和(he)被投(tou)訴(su)方的(de)(de)聯系(xi)方式(shi)告知(zhi)消費者(zhe)協(xie)會或有(you)關(guan)主管(guan)部(bu)(bu)門(men)，并(bing)(bing)將(jiang)受損害的(de)(de)事實陳述(shu)清楚(chu)，以便有(you)關(guan)部(bu)(bu)門(men)能夠及(ji)時(shi)與雙(shuang)方當事人取(qu)(qu)得(de)聯系(xi)。
