一、發生情況
馬鈴薯目前處于塊莖膨大期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，而晚疫(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)是影響我區馬鈴薯中(zhong)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長的(de)主要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害，每年(nian)都有發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，流行高峰期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)8月(yue)中(zhong)旬至9月(yue)下旬。近期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)各(ge)縣調(diao)查(cha)晚疫(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)已普(pu)遍(bian)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，局地發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)較(jiao)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。西吉7月(yue)23日(ri)始(shi)見(jian)。始(shi)見(jian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)比去年(nian)早(zao)10天，8月(yue)8日(ri)調(diao)查(cha)，火石(shi)寨沙崗村(cun)隴薯3號發病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)較(jiao)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株率(lv)(lv)(lv)80%，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)葉(xie)率(lv)(lv)(lv)8%，嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)度(du)2-3級，青薯9號病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株率(lv)(lv)(lv)65%，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)葉(xie)率(lv)(lv)(lv)3%，嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)度(du)2級。新營、紅耀、吉強等(deng)鄉鎮(zhen)，一般(ban)田(tian)塊零星發病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)；涇源縣8月(yue)8日(ri)調(diao)查(cha)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)田(tian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)100%，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株率(lv)(lv)(lv)90%，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)葉(xie)率(lv)(lv)(lv)30-40%；原州區8月(yue)5日(ri)調(diao)查(cha)系統測報田(tian)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株率(lv)(lv)(lv)25.33%，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情(qing)(qing)指(zhi)數(shu)2.81，大田(tian)調(diao)查(cha)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株率(lv)(lv)(lv)1.7%，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情(qing)(qing)指(zhi)數(shu)0.33。發病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情(qing)(qing)況較(jiao)去年(nian)同期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。天氣預報近期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)山區有陣性(xing)降雨，9月(yue)份降雨偏(pian)多，對晚疫(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)發展十分有利，因此各(ge)地要(yao)高度(du)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視今年(nian)的(de)防治工作，決不能掉以輕心(xin)。
二、防治方法
對早晚疫病(bing)的防(fang)(fang)治要(yao)堅持“防(fang)(fang)早、防(fang)(fang)小、預(yu)防(fang)(fang)為主(zhu)”的原則，晚疫病(bing)病(bing)株率低于10%的田塊(kuai)盡量用(yong)(yong)保護劑(ji)(ji)預(yu)防(fang)(fang)，藥劑(ji)(ji)應選(xuan)擇75%代森錳(meng)鋅水(shui)分散粒(li)劑(ji)(ji)500～800倍液防(fang)(fang)治，病(bing)株率高于10%的田塊(kuai)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)治療(liao)劑(ji)(ji)進行防(fang)(fang)治，可(ke)采用(yong)(yong)68%精(jing)甲霜(shuang)·錳(meng)鋅水(shui)分散粒(li)劑(ji)(ji)+23.4%雙炔酰菌胺懸浮劑(ji)(ji)或(huo)68.75%氟菌·霜(shuang)霉威懸浮劑(ji)(ji)等(deng)治療(liao)性藥劑(ji)(ji)進行防(fang)(fang)治，噴霧時，確保整個植株地上部、葉片正面反面都噴到，否則影響(xiang)防(fang)(fang)治效果(guo)。
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